|
We
are a CHP Partner
Company with the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency Combined Heat & Power Partnership. One Goal of the EPA CHP Partnership is to
Double the Amount of CHP or Cogeneration
to the Nation's Power
Supply by the Year 2010
We
Reduce and Eliminate Greenhouse
Gas Emissions
Through our
Solar
Energy Systems
for
Commercial Clients and
Concentrating
Solar Power,
Concentrating
Photovoltaic
&
High
Concentration Photovoltaic
Power Plants for Utility Clients
According to the United Nations, "it is estimated that greenhouse gas
emissions trading markets could be worth $2 trillion by 2012 and it is further estimated that the market for clean technologies could be worth $1.9 trillion by
2020."
http://www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.asp?DocumentID=433&ArticleID=4792&l=en
|
Why
Not Go Green?
Solar
Energy Systems
Now Available with
Zero Up-front Costs
for Qualified Commercial, Government,
Industrial and Municipal Clients in
the U.S., Canada, Caribbean & Central America
Upgrade your Brown Building to
a Green Building
With our Integrated Solar
Trigenerationsm
Net
Zero Energy Buildingsm
System
Eliminate
your Company's Carbon
Emissions
and
Greenhouse
Gas Emissions!
We
Design/Engineer, Sell, Finance, Install, Operate and Maintain:
Utility Scale Solar Power Plants, including:
Concentrated
Solar Power Plants
Concentrating
Photovoltaic Power Plants
Concentrating
Solar Power Plants
High Concentration Photovoltaic Power Plants
We Design/Engineer, Sell, Finance, Install, Operate and Maintain:
Solar Energy Systems, including;
Solar
Heating and Cooling
Solar Absorption Cooling Systems
Solar
Electric Power Systems
Solar
Water Heating Systems
Solar
Cogeneration
Energy
Systems
Solar
Trigeneration
Energy Systems
Solar
Thermal Collectors
Evacuated
Tube Collectors
More
information at the following sites:
www.CarbonEmissions.com
www.ConcentratedSolar.com
www.ConcentratedSolarPower.com
www.ConcentratedSolarThermal.com
www.ConcentratingSolarThermal.com
www.ConcentratingPhotovoltaic.com
www.ConcentrationPhotovoltaic.com
www.ConcentratingSolarPower.com
www.ConcentratorPhotovoltaic.com
www.ConcentratorPhotovoltaics.com
www.GreenhouseGasEmissions.com
www.NetZeroEnergy.com
www.NetZeroEnergyBuilding.com
www.PowerPurchaseAgreement.com
www.SolarEnergySystems.net
www.SolarCogeneration.com
www.SolarTrigeneration.com
|

_______________________________________________________________________
Did you know that the silicon
contained in only one ton of sand,
and used in manufacturing solar
photovoltaic panels, could
produce as much electricity as burning 500,000 tons of coal?
_______________________________________________________________________
We Develop, Design/Engineer, Install, Finance, Own, Operate
& Maintain Solar Energy Systems
While
Upgrading "Brown," Energy-inefficient Buildings
into Green, Net Zero Energy Buildingssm
We Do Solar Right!sm
Now Installing our Solar Energy Systems
****
Nationwide ****
for Commercial Clients/Real Estate Developments and Utilities
and
at No Cost for Qualified Commercial & Industrial Clients
Leading
the Net
Zero Energysm
& Net Zero Energy Buildingsm
Revolution with our Solar
Energy Systems
and Power
Purchase Agreements
Power Purchase Agreement
www.PowerPurchaseAgreement.com
by
PPA
Funding Partners
Providing
Capital and Funding for
Power Purchase Agreements
and
Solar Power Purchase Agreements Through the
PPA
Fundsm
(planning and formation stage)
Until
our First PPA Round of Funding is Completed, we have
Multiple Solar Joint Venture Partnership Opportunities
in our Commercial Solar Projects - Backed with a PPA
Joint Venture Partner(s) may be eligible for Investment Tax Credits
Current Project Location - Hawaii
Type Property: Hotel
Type System: Solar
Cogeneration
Project Cost: $1.8 million
Sept 30, 2009 UPDATE: PROJECT FUNDED - NO LONGER AVAILABLE
Project Under Construction - Completion Date: Dec. 1, 2009
Current
Project Location - Hawaii
Type Property: Condo
Type System: Solar
Cogeneration
Project Cost: $1.65 million
Joint Venture Partner's Contribution: $425,000
Current
Project Location - Hawaii
Type Property: School
Type System: Solar
Trigeneration
Project Cost: $7.5 million
Joint Venture Partner's Contribution: $2.625 million
Current
Project Location - Hawaii
Type Property: Commercial
Type System: Solar
Trigeneration
Project Cost: $5.5 million
Joint Venture Partner's Contribution: $1.925 million
Present IRRs for our Solar PPA Projects ranging from:
11% with our basic
Solar Energy Systems,
to
Over 18% with our proprietary
Solar
Trigenerationsm
Energy Systems
Over $100 million
in Signed PPAs and
Letters of Commitment
for
Installations of our Solar Energy Systems and Making
Renewable Energy Tax Credits and Solar Investment Tax Credits
Available Through
our Joint Venture Solar Power Partnerships
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Market worth $2
Trillion by 2012
according to the United Nations -
Full story found on following link:
http://www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.asp?DocumentID=433&ArticleID=4792&l=en
We Sell and
Install Solar
Water Heating Systems,
Solar
Cogeneration
& Solar
Trigeneration
Systems,
Evacuated Tube
Collectors, and
Solar
Electric Power Systems
* No
Up-front Cost Solar Cogeneration
or
Solar Trigeneration Energy Systems
for Qualified Commercial,
Industrial, Municipal/Government
Customers
*
Terms and Conditions for No Up-front Cost Solar Cogeneration or Solar
Trigeneration Energy Systems include: (1) For
qualified commercial clients only. (2) Minimum size rating of 25 kW
solar power system. (3) Minimum monthly electric usage requirements
apply. (4) Subject to credit approval. (5) Other conditions may apply,
depending on location, utility restrictions and regulations.
|
Solar PV Panels
Now Available at Special Pricing!
Due to Our Large Volume Discount, We Are Now Offering
Our Manufacturer's Solar Panels at Special Pricing.
Available
Now - By Container Only
Each
Container Has 560 Solar Panels
Each Solar Panel is 200 Watts
112 kW/Container
Price: $2.35/watt
Our
Preferred Solar PV Panels are
Approximately 17% Efficient and
Have had Zero Defects, with Zero Recalls to Date.
Once
Payment Has Been Received, We Can Ship the
Solar PV Panels to Your Preferred Port Within 3-5 Weeks.
For More Information On Purchasing One or More
Containers of our Preferred Solar PV Panels:
Call: (832) 758 - 0027
or
Email:
info@Cogeneration.net
|
We Help Our Commercial Clients - NATIONWIDE -
Go Solar...
Really Fast, Simple and Easy, with ZERO Upfront-costs (for qualified commercial
clients with
our Solar
Power Purchase Agreement
Turnkey
HCPV
Solar Power Plants
We
design, engineer, finance, build, own and operate
HCPV Solar Power Plants on an international basis.
Our HCPV technology is provided by a leading HCPV R&D
company
that
has almost 30 years experience in HCPV technologies.
They have acquired
numerous patents and made significant
breakthroughs in the HCPV industry.
In addition, they lead the industry in terms of efficiency and cost
reductions.
Our
HCPV solar power plant is the ideal solution for many:
Electric Utilities, Commercial/Industrial Customers,
and Real Estate Developments/Subdivisions
And, this HCPV technology costs about 50% less than our
competitors.
"Turnkey" HCPV power
plants now available:
Minimum
Size Available: 1 MW
10 year warranty
$3.75 million for equipment
Area required: 3 acres
6-9 months lead time
Solar HCPV Systems
Now Available for Large
Commercial, Industrial and Utility Clients.
Licensing Opportunities for our HCPV systems
is available
in many countries. For more information, send an email to:
Email: info@HighConcentrationPhotovoltaic.com
and
include your company's qualifications.
Developing Solar Power Plants With Our
Preferred CPV and HCPV Systems in:
Arizona,
California, Nevada, New Mexico & Texas
Strategic
Partners including Landowners & Investors
interested in assisting us with these opportunities, please
call or send email with details relating to your interests and
qualifications as a Strategic Partner:
Email:
info@HighConcentrationPhotovoltaic.com
Landowners:
Your property must be at least 50 acres in size and have
transmission/power lines on your property or nearby.
Our
Utility Scale Solar Power Plants
have the Highest Efficiencies & Lowest Operating Costs
Without the Large Water Requirements of Typical Power Plants
including Concentrating Solar Power Plants
Call/email for more information
Tel.
(832) 758
- 0027
Email: info@HighConcentrationPhotovoltaic.com
Our
Net Zero Energy
Building™ upgrades "brown" buildings to "green" buildings,
with our Solar
Trigeneration™
energy system, similar to one installed on a 5,000 sq. ft. office building that
has been operating "dis-connected" from the electric
grid for 6 years. And, the owners received one of the first Platinum
LEED awards in the U.S.
Customers that
could benefit from having their "brown" building upgraded to a
"green" building with one of our Solar
Trigeneration™
energy systems include:
Casinos
Churches (with schools)
Cities
Colleges
Condos
Convenience Stores
Data Centers
Department Stores
Government facilities
Health Clubs
Hospitals
Hotels
Laundries
Manufacturing
Office Buildings/campuses
Radio and Television Stations
Restaurants
Schools
Server Farms
Shopping Centers
Universities
For
many qualified commercial customers, we will install our Solar
Trigeneration™
energy system (or one of our other Solar
Energy Systems) at your
business....
with
no up-front costs!
for
qualified clients that we will sell the "pollution
free power" power
and energy for LESS than what you are presently paying your
utility company/companies!
Whether your business purchases one of our solutions or we install - own - operate - and maintain
the Solar Energy System solution on behalf of your business through our Power
Purchase Agreement and sell the power and energy to your business
at a discount - your business will have lower
power and energy expenses while significantly reducing
your greenhouse gas
emissions.
For inquiries about one of our products and services, or help in making
your business or facility a "Net Zero Energy"™ business, contact
us by email or phone:
Tel
(832) 758 - 0027
Email:
info@NetZeroEnergy.com
Top Sales Performers, Join the Leader in the
Net Zero Energysm and
Net
Zero Energy Buildingsm Revolution!
Now accepting resumes (by email only)
for Independent
Sales Representatives (ISR) that want to help customers convert their "brown" buildings to green, "Net Zero
Energy Buildings" with one of our Solar Energy Systems.
Prospective ISRs
must
have a proven background in selling one or more of the following;
Solar Energy Systems
Demand Side Management
solutions
Onsite Power Generation systems
Evacuated Tube
Collectors
Solar
Thermal Collectors
Solar
Water Heating Systems
Solar
Electric Power Systems
Solar
Photovoltaic Panels
to Fortune 1000 companies.
We supply the equipment, installation ( and financing through our Power
Purchase Agreement
for qualified commercial, municipal, government or utility clients with at
least a 100 kW installation) and any rebates the customer may be
entitled to.
You supply the clients and if you are responsible for the sale, you will
receive one of the highest industry commissions available. Protected territories available for top-performers.
Please send
resume (No
phone calls) to:
info@NetZeroEnergy.com
For
More Information About Reducing or Eliminating
Your Company's Carbon Emissions, or Upgrading your Company's
Buildings/Facility with Net Zero Energy Building,
call/email:
Tel. (832) 758 - 0027
Email: info@NetZeroEnergy.com
Customer Inquiries for reducing your carbon emissions or
greenhouse gas emissions
Call/email for more information
Tel. (832)
758 - 0027
Email: info@GreenhouseGasEmissions.com
Engineering, Feasibility Studies & Consulting Services
Provided by In-house Engineers and Consultants or
Through the Renewable Energy Institute
"Buy
Solar Power, Not Solar Panels"SM
The supplier for our solar electric power systems has dramatically reduced
our pricing for solar photovoltaic panels and we are passing the savings
to our clients in California and Texas.
Our
solar electric power systems along with rebates and tax credits, have been
reduced by about 50% and can many times, pay for the investment in less
than 3 years!
We
now have installers in Southern California, Dallas/Ft. Worth and Austin,
Texas. Start saving with our solar electric power systems today.
More information at:
www.SolarElectricPowerSystems.com
We are now developing
utility-scale Solar Power Plants in the southwest US. More
information can be found on the following sites:
www.ConcentratingSolarPower.com and www.ConcentratingPhotovoltaic.com
We provide peak-shaving, and
demand side management solutions through our
solar electric power
systems as well as our packaged cogeneration and trigeneration
energy systems. Our cogeneration
and trigeneration energy systems are
built to our specifications. All of our cogeneration and
trigeneration
energy systems exceed 85% net system efficiency. This translates into
significant energy savings for our clients as well as reductions in greenhouse
gas emissions.
Solar
Trigenerationsm
www.SolarTrigeneration.com
We
Do Solar Rightsm
We install our Solar Trigenerationsm
Energy Systems, for qualified commercial businesses, as well
as cities, schools and government facilities with our Zero Up-front Cost
program.
For
some customers - based on their present location, utility company and electric
rate - we are able to reduce their electric rate by 10%. Even more for other
customers. Solar Trigenerationsm
Energy System!
We provide the
answers to your questions about solar power and energy!
Does your;
business, city, school, or electric utility want a more
sustainable solar power and energy solution?
Are you
interested in transforming your facility, campus or building(s) to "Net
Zero Energy"™ buildings?
Does your city or
school have a problem with rising electricity and energy expenses, but not have the
financial resources to provide the necessary updates and upgrades to make your
buildings more efficient?
Maybe you have
already decided to go solar, but you have a lot of questions, and
don't know where to start. Call us, we have the answers to your solar
questions.
What is
the optimum solar solution? There are hundreds of companies
in the solar power and energy industry..... Who do you call to help you
with these questions to help you make the right decisions?
There's still more
questions, that you may not have thought about..... which solar technology do
you go with, and what is the return on investment?
Are there any
solar rebates, refunds, tax credits or other incentives available?
What about
investors that might be interested in owning/operating and maintaining our solar
energy system under a Power
Purchase Agreement?
You have numerous
questions and need the answers to help in the decision-making process regarding
the solar power and energy
system you want to install. These decisions will have a long-lasting
impact as the solar energy system
that you install at your business or facility will probably be generating
clean power for the next 40 to 50 years, if not longer! So, the decisions
that you need to make now regarding your solar
energy system will be a decision that will be either a long-term asset or a
liability, depending on the equipment you select and who you choose to install
it.
We can help
cities, schools and commercial (and large residential) customers make the switch to solar!
And now,
with our no up-front cost for our Solar Trigenerationsm
Energy System, we can also transform your building(s) to a "Net
Zero Energy Building"™ and many times, actually REDUCE your present
energy expenses by 10%, and possibly more!
Examples of
buildings/facilities where our Solar Trigenerationsm
Energy Systems would benefit, include;
universities, churches, data centers, shopping centers, schools, radio/television
stations, food processing, warehouses, new real estate developments and subdivisions,
and electric utilities - practically any commercial facility can be upgraded to
one of our "pollution free power" systems featuring one of our solar
energy systems, including our Solar Trigenerationsm
system!
Call or email us,
we can provide these answers. We are focused
on providing the optimum solar energy systems for our clients. This begins with
an initial review of your past 12 months energy/electrical bills. The next step
would include a site visit which may include a Demand
Side Management study and/or a Solar
Feasibility Study which determines the optimum solar
energy system for your facility or location. Once the optimum solar
solution(s) are determined, we then have a blueprint to proceed that could
include our installing one of our Solar
Cogeneration™ or Solar Trigenerationsm
energy systems. Or for a city, real estate
development or subdivision, or an electric utility, one of our utility
scale power plants which might be a Concentrating
Photovoltaic, Concentrating
Solar Power or High
Concentration Photovoltaic power plants.
What is "Net Zero Energy™?"
Net Zero
Energy - when applied to a home or commercial building, simply means that
the home or buildings generates as much power and energy as they consume, when measured on a
monthly or annual basis, and with an onsite, renewable energy system, such as
our
Solar Trigenerationsm Energy
System.
What is a Net
Zero Energy Buildingsm?
A
Net Zero Energy Buildingsm produces as much energy as it uses over the course of a year.
Net Zero Energy Buildingssm are very energy efficient. The remaining low energy needs are typically met with on-site renewable energy.
First of
all, understand that there is no
such thing as a "zero energy building!" EVERY building uses energy, or
you may as well be in a cave!
The important
considerations are,
1. How efficient is
the building?
2. How much energy
does the building use, and how efficiently is it used?
3. How much "carbon
free energy" or "pollution
free power" is generated by the buildings' own onsite renewable energy
system?
4. What are the
utility company's prices for the excess power generated and sent to the
grid?
(see: Net Energy Metering)
5. How difficult is
it to interconnect the renewable energy system of the building with the utility
company's powerlines/electric grid?
At the heart of
a Net
Zero Energy Buildingsm is the idea that any building can meet its energy
requirements from low-cost, locally available, nonpolluting, renewable sources,
like our Solar Trigeneration Energy
Systems. Our
Solar Trigenerationsm Energy
Systems are the idea whose time has come, to make Net
Zero Energy Buildingssm commonplace.
Solar Trigenerationsm Energy
Systems Provide All of the Cooling, Heating & Power, for
Any Size Building, with only the Energy of the Sun. Solar Trigenerationsm Energy
Systems Provide Simultaneous
Cooling, Heating & Power whether it is 12 Noon, or 12 Midnight,
and can do so, WITHOUT Connection
to the electric grid!
The
Diagram Below Shows How Our Solar Trigenerationsm Energy
System Works, for Heating and Cooling a Building (next to the Solar Thermal Collectors, are the PV
Panels, that generate the Electricity).

Our
Solar
Trigenerationsm Energy
System
provides
"Cooling, Heating & Power" for your business,
or home with the free energy of the sun!
What is Net Energy Metering?
Net energy metering is used to measure a customer's total electric
consumption against that customer's total on-site electric generation. When
a customer's onsite generation of power exceeds the amount that they use, the customer's
solar energy system (or other renewable energy system) exports the extra electricity to the
grid. When the power requirements of the customer exceeds their onsite
generation of power, the customer imports the electricity they need from
electric grid. The customer pays the electric company for any extra power they
use over the amount they generate - OR - the customer receives a credit or
refund from the electric company if they exported more power to the grid, than
what they consumed.
Much focus is placed on
energy efficiency as the most cost-effective way to reduce energy use in
commercial buildings. However, consumption can be reduced only so much. There is
a point at which the cost of adding efficiency measures is higher than that of
using renewable energy such as thin
film photovoltaics and other solar
energy systems.
Aggressive energy
efficiency strategies can reduce a building's energy consumption by 50% to 70%. Renewable
energy technologies must be used to reach the goal of a net-zero energy
building (NZEB).
Supply-Side Technologies
Various supply-side
renewable energy technologies are available for Net
Zero Energy Buildings. Supply-side technologies, often called energy
producers, collect natural energy and transform it into a useful form. Examples
of these technologies include PV, solar hot water, wind, hydroelectric, and
biofuels.
Ranking of Energy Options
All renewable sources are
favorable over conventional energy sources such as coal and natural gas;
however, the U.S. Department of Energy recommends the following ranking for
these options (the lower numbers are preferable):
|
Option Number
|
NZEB Supply-Side
Options
|
Examples
|
|
0
|
Reduce site energy
use through low-energy building technologies
|
Daylighting,
high-efficiency heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning equipment
(HVAC), natural ventilation, evaporative cooling
|
|
On-Site Supply
Options
|
|
1
|
Use renewable
energy sources available within the building's footprint
|
PV, solar hot
water, and wind located on the building
|
|
2
|
Use renewable
energy sources available at the site
|
PV, solar hot
water, low-impact hydroelectric, and wind located on-site, but not on
the building
|
|
Off-Site Supply
Options
|
|
3
|
Use renewable
energy sources available off site to generate energy on site
|
Biomass, wood
pellets, ethanol, or biodiesel that can be imported from off site; waste
streams from on-site processes that can be used on-site to generate
electricity and heat
|
|
4
|
Purchase off-site
renewable energy sources
|
Utility-based wind,
PV, emissions credits, or other "green" purchasing options;
hydroelectric is sometimes considered
|
This hierarchy is weighted
toward renewable technologies within the building footprint and site. Rooftop PV
and solar water heating are the most applicable supply-side technologies for Net
Zero Energy Buildings. Other supply-side technologies such as parking
lot-based wind or solar energy
systems may be available.
The goal in developing the
ranking was to encourage technologies that:
-
Minimize overall
environmental impact by encouraging energy-efficient building designs and
reducing transportation and conversion losses
-
Will be available over
the lifetime of the building
-
Are widely available
and have high replication potential for future Net
Zero Energy Buildings.
Solar
Trigenerationsm
www.SolarTrigeneration.com
Now,
Your Business Can Have Our Solar Trigenerationsm
Energy
System, installed for No
Up-Front Costs!
Through
an affiliated partner company, we are now installing our Solar
Trigenerationsm
Energy Systems, for qualified commercial businesses, nationwide,
with Zero up-front costs.
Some
customers may even see a decrease in their energy expenses by as
much as 10% to 20% with our Zero up-front cost Solar Trigeneration™
Energy System!
To
qualify for our no up-front cost Solar Trigeneration Energy Systems, businesses
must:
-
Have
a good credit rating
-
Agree
to buy all of the energy generated from the Solar Trigeneration™
Energy System through a 20 year Power Purchase
Agreement
-
Other
conditions may apply, depending on location, state or utility
company you are presently buying power from.
We
expect ALL of our customers will be very happy knowing that the clean,
green, renewable power they are using is:
-
More
reliable than the electricity from the power company.
-
Saving
the environment by reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions and helping
reverse Climate Change and Global Warming.
-
Generated
from their own reliable Solar Power System on their roofs.
-
Saving
Money! At today's published electric rates at Southern California
Edison, TXU, Reliant and Centerpoint, most of our customers will also enjoy
a SAVINGS on their present electric bills by as much as 10% from
what they are now paying for their electricity from the electric
utility.
-
Under
warranty.
-
At
the end of the Power Purchase
Agreement, the Solar Trigeneration™
Energy System is then offered for sale to our customers, for
$1.00. And then their energy savings really start
to add up as the power and electricity generated from their Solar Trigeneration™
Energy System is free!
Solar
Trigenerationsm
is Here!
Solar Trigeneration Provides (almost)
Any Building - with all of its
Cooling, Heating & Power Requirements. Solar
Trigenerationsm
is also the Greenest Way to
Cool, Heat and Power your Facility -
whether that's a Hospital, Data Center, Office Building or University
Campus
Residential,
Commercial and Industrial Customers:
Reduce
or COMPLETELY
ELIMINATE
Your Electric Power & Natural Gas Expenses!
Stop
Paying High Utility Bills to the Electric and Natural Gas Companies!
Let us Show You How You
Can
"Cut the Cord" to the Electric Company! Our
"Solar
Trigenerationsm" Power and Energy Systems
Generate Carbon Free Energy and
Pollution Free Power
Which is Sustainable, Clean, Renewable and Affordable
Solar
Energy Systems provides
cooler, cleaner, greener power and energy project development services.
Our Solar
Energy Systems are an environmentally-friendly and
economically-superior choice to expensive natural gas and electricity. Additionally,
our renewable energy
technologies generate "green tags" or a Renewable
Energy Credit.
We provide
Solar
Power and Energy systems that we refer
to as "EcoGeneration" solutions that produce cooler,
cleaner, greener power and energy for our customers and our environment.
Unlike most companies, we are equipment supplier/vendor neutral.
This means we help our clients select the best equipment for their
specific application. This approach provides our customers with superior
performance, decreased operating expenses and increased return on
investment.
Our company provides turn-key project solutions that include all or part
of the following:
-
Engineering and Economic Feasibility Studies
-
Project Design, Engineering & Permitting
-
Project Construction
-
Project Funding & Financing Options
-
Shared/Guaranteed Savings program with no
capital requirements.
-
Project Commissioning
-
Operations & Maintenance
-
Green Tag/Renewable Energy Credit
Application, and Marketing
Net
Zero Energy Buildingssm
www.NetZeroEnergyBuildings.com
The Audubon
Nature
Center
Installs
Solar
Trigeneration
System
Making this one of the World's First "Net
Zero Energy Buildings"
at Their New Facility in Los Angeles, California
NO
CONNECTION TO THE ELECTRIC UTILITY!
The Solar
Trigeneration
Provides All of their Facility's (5000 sq.ft.)
Cooling, Heating and Power Requirements - at 12 noon or 12 midnite,
WITHOUT
ANY CONNECTION to the Electric Utility
with our Solar
Trigeneration Energy System!

The Sun
Powers the Audubon Nature Center's Solar
Trigeneration
System at Debs Park in Los Angeles. The Audubon Nature Center's
building is one of the world's first "Net Zero Energy
Buildings."
The Solar
Trigeneration
System Consists of a 10 Ton
“Solar Absorption Cooling"
System Matched with a Solar
Electric Power System
By: Monty Goodell, MBA
www.SolarTrigeneration.com
Los Angeles,
California
There
is now a better, more efficient, “pollution
free power” solution
for cooling, heating and powering homes and commercial buildings where
solar energy is available.
It's called Solar
Trigeneration
Solar
Trigeneration
is defined as the simultaneous generation of cooling,
heating and power with
only the free solar energy from the sun providing the "fuel". Solar
Trigeneration is now
a reality at the Audubon
Center
at Debs
Park
several miles from downtown Los
Angeles and is one of the world's first "Net Zero Energy
Buildings."
The
Audubon
Nature Center
is
totally powered by the sun’s energy and the building operates
entirely “grid-free” and without any electric connections to the
electric grid, or natural gas connections – a truly sustainable power
and energy solution. Best of all, the Audubon Center doesn’t rely on
the over-burdened electric grid or even natural gas. Therefore,
the Audubon Nature Center
NEVER receives an electric bill or
natural gas bill.... ever!
The
Audubon
Nature Center's 5,000 square foot office
and conference facility is powered by a Solar
Trigeneration system
that features a 25-kilowatt solar electric power system where the energy
is stored in a bank of batteries. The Center is cooled by a 10-ton solar
absorption cooling
system powered by an array of very efficient solar heat pipe vacuum tube
thermal collectors. The
collectors heat the water to temperatures of 200+ degree F stored in a
1,200 gallon insulated tank, another type of inexpensive battery. The Solar
Trigeneration system at
the Audubon not only provides the air-conditioning in the summer but
also heats the building in the winter, and provides the hot water for
the kitchen and bathrooms.
Absorption
chillers,
and cooling with solar energy with an absorption chiller are not new
technologies.
In fact, absorption chiller technology is over 70 years old.
The first refrigerators were powered by propane gas to run the
absorption chillers that used ammonia as a refrigerant.
Electricity and the electric compression chiller gained
popularity only because of the convenient “plug and play” appliance
and relatively cheap electric rates.
Electricity is no longer economically, or environmentally “cheap.”
Cogeneration
refers to the simultaneous production of heat and power. Cogeneration
plants are much more efficient as compared with typical power plants.
Cogeneration is usually about 55% to 70% efficient in terms of
overall system efficiency, or about 200% more efficient than typical
power plants. However,
cogeneration power plants are fueled by natural gas, which is a limited
resource, and whose price has exploded as a result of all the new
cogeneration plants that have been built and fueled by natural gas. Even
in early 2001, the price of natural gas was only $2.75 - $3.25 per mmbtu.
However, with all of the new cogeneration power plants, limited supply
of natural gas, and the huge demand placed on natural gas for fueling
the new cogeneration plants, the price of natural gas is now around
$7.50 - $8.50 per mmbtu.
Solar
Trigeneration is an EcoGeneration
solution. EcoGeneration
refers to a power and energy system that uses the “natural” energy
or fuel that is available for a specific site or location. Such energy
or fuel includes, solar, wind, BioMethane,
geothermal, and ocean power, including ocean tidal and ocean thermal
energy conversion. For
example, in the desert areas of the
Southwestern U.S.
, there is an abundance of solar
energy. Therefore, home-owners and business owners in this part of the
country should seriously consider an EcoGeneration system (“ecogen
system”) that optimizes the opportunities available through solar
energy
Today,
the cause of the summer peak electric demand, electric supply problems,
and black-outs, are the result of the energy crisis in
California
, primarily attributed to the air
conditioning load. Over 40 percent of the electricity generated every
day goes is used for air conditioning.
At this time of year, the electric utilities are forced to turn
on all of their power plants to generate the “peak” demands required
by the customers, primarily for air-conditioning.
This means that all of the efficient power plants, the
inefficient power plants, along with all of the “peaking” power
plants have to run to generate the electricity needed. The high cost of
meeting the peak demand is passed on to the consumers with rates of
$.20+ per kWh during the summer months.
For fixed income seniors living in desert communities, they are
already forced to conserve on energy, food, water, and other necessities
of life.
Greater
Demands on California’s Limited Electric Supply, Lack of New Electric
Power Supplies, and This Summer’s Heat Wave are Compounding the
Problem Leading to the “Perfect Electric
Storm”
Many
people will remember the movie “The Perfect Storm” from several
years ago, when several storms came together in the northeastern part of
the
U.S.
to produce a deadly and
catastrophic “perfect” storm. Today, a different type of “perfect
storm” is brewing in
California
. The storm that’s looming on
the horizon in California is a “perfect electric storm” wherein the supply of electricity from the
electric utility company’s power plants are unable to keep-up with the
demand – meaning a black-out, or loss of electricity, like the
black-outs from previous years, and like the northeastern black-out from
2003.
The
most likely time of year for a black-out in
California
, unfortunately, is the summer,
when air-conditioners are running at the maximum, and placing the
maximum load on
California
’s electricity supply.
Should such a black-out occur in the desert areas of California,
where daily high temperatures routinely reach 110 degrees and higher,
and where a significant percentage of the population is comprised of
retired and senior citizens, and should the black-out be prolonged, a
number of deaths will be the likely outcome. People, and especially the
elderly, simply cannot tolerate prolonged high temperatures
How
Do We Prevent the “Perfect Electric Storm” from Occurring
in California and Other Regions in the U.S.?
Another
major concern is how do we prevent the “Perfect Electric Storm” from
happening, like the Northeast Blackout several summers ago, especially
for people living in the desert?
California
’s energy authorities are
warning of a possible energy crisis during the hot summer months, due to
the excessive and prolonged summer temperatures where demand increases
by over 40 percent. Compounding
the problem is the rising demand for electricity due to population
growth and the limited transmission capacity in some areas in the
region. According to the
California Energy Commission, the State must build three natural
gas-fired 500-megawatt peaking power plants, every year, just to keep up
with the growing demands of electricity. Failure to keep up with demand
means The problem is getting worse due to the population growth in the
Inland Empire
, Coachella
Valley
and Antelope
Valley. The
projected power gap for the coming summers of 2006, 2007, and 2008 is
very bleak.
Governor
Schwarzenegger’s “Million Solar Roofs” program and the passage of
the 2005 Federal Energy Act will be the foundation to create a “Perfect Solar
Storm” to trigger the Solar Economy throughout California.
With
the threat of California’s seniors and elderly dying from heat
exhaustion due to power outages, black-outs, rolling black-outs and the
rising costs of electricity and natural gas, combined with the
continuing impact of global warming, the perfect solution is to create a
Solar Revolution by cooling, heating and powering the desert with solar
energy and technologies like Solar
Cogeneration or Solar
Trigeneration.

The Audubon Center's new Solar Trigeneration
power and energy system
makes this building a "Net Zero Energy Building"

The Audubon's Roof showing the Solar
Thermal Collectors, part of the
Solar Trigeneration
power and energy system

The heart of the Audubon's Solar Trigeneration
power and energy system
provides "free heating, cooling and domestic hot water," a
"net zero energy
building."

The hot water from the Solar Thermal Collectors
on the roof of the Audubon is pumped here for producing the building's
heating, cooling and domestic hot water.
Hot water is stored in the tank on the left for overnight.
What
is "Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide?"
Copper Indium
Gallium diSelenide (CuInSe2)
is a material that provides an extremely high absorption of light ( 99%) to be absorbed in the first micron of the material.
Copper Indium Gallium diSelenide is projected to be the revolutionary material that some
are saying, could put typical "central" power plants and some electric
utilities, out of business, as it will be much cheaper for customers to generate
their own onsite power with Thin Film Photovoltaics
made from these materials.
When
additional small amounts of Gallium is added to Copper Indium diSelenide, this
increases its' light-absorbing band gap, thereby making the solar panel more closely match the solar
spectrum of the sun. This, in turn, increases the voltage and the efficiency of the
Thin Film Photovoltaics
solar panel.
Solar
panels produced with Copper Indium
Gallium diSelenide cells have reached efficiencies of more than
20% - which is much higher than the other Thin Film Photovoltaics.
Copper Indium
Gallium diSelenide
solar panels create more electricity from the same amount of sunlight than other
Thin Film Photovoltaics
panels. This
translates into a higher conversion efficiency.
The conversion efficiency
of Copper Indium Gallium diSelenide PV technologies is very stable over time, meaning its
power output remains stable over many years, while the power output of many other PV materials can rapidly decline with
time.
What are "Building Integrated Photovoltaics?"
Building
Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) are solar energy systems that are integrated
into a part of the building, that serve as the building's exterior or the
building's skin.
Commercial
buildings and facilities (including houses) that integrate their own solar power
systems into the building's exteriors, are referred to as "power
buildings."
The
technology that makes this possible is "Thin Film Photovoltaics."
What are Thin Film Photovoltaics?
Without
a doubt, the most exciting technology in the solar power industry is "Thin Film Photovoltaics."
Thin Film Photovoltaics
technology represents the next big thing in
renewable energy and solar power as it integrates nanotechnologies into the
production of solar photovoltaics.
According
to the Department of Energy, the recent technological advances in thin film photovoltaics
make this a very exciting time to be in the solar energy industry. These
advances have led to many new developments in the components and manufacturing
of thin film photovoltaics.
This has made thin film photovoltaics cheaper to
manufacture as they are also now easier to install since they are extremely
versatile, flexible, bendable, and much lighter.
Thin film photovoltaics
have led many to believe that as much as 50% of our nation's future power will
be generated by "power buildings"
that integrate "building
integrated photovoltaics" or "BIPV" into the building's skin
or exterior surfaces, that convert sunlight into "pollution
free power" for use in the building. This also designates these
buildings (and homes) as "Net
Zero Energy Buildings" and make the option for going grid-free, or not
connecting to the grid, a real possibility.
According
to the Department of Energy, the market potential for printed electronics will grow into a $47 billion market by
2018. Thin film photovoltaics
represents a significant portion of this market - and based on this heavily researched
solar technology, thin film photovoltaics now
represents a $20 billion/year industry in the U.S.
The
solar PV panels produced under the
thin film photovoltaics
umbrella have the potential to produce power significantly cheaper power than
today’s typical silicon-based PV panels. The panels are usually made in
the form of a monolithic piece of glass, upon which various thin films are
deposited, although a number of firms are working on depositing the materials on
a substrate, such as stainless steel or plastic.
Types
of
Thin Film Photovoltaics – there
are primarily three types of thin film photovoltaics and include:
-
Amorphous Silicon
-
Cadmium Telluride
-
Copper Indium Gallium
Diselenide
Amorphous Silicon had the largest share of the
thin film photovoltaics market through 2006. It has been researched for the longest period
of time, may be the best understood material of the three and has been
commercial for the longest. Cadmium Telluride has the remaining share and is
growing.
Thin Film Photovoltaics
Advantages over Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics
-
Lower cost of production
of the
-
Lower production facility cost per watt - CapEx
-
Uses as little as 1/500
of the amount
used in standard silicon cells
-
Lower
energy payback – amount of time until the product produces more energy
than was utilized in its manufacture.
-
Produces more power/watt
-
Superior performance in hot and
cloudy climates
-
Integrates
seemlessly in homes and buildings – see Building Integrated Photovoltaics
-
Produces the lowest cost power
About
Us
We
provide renewable energy engineering services and turnkey installations of our
solar energy systems for commercial, municipal, government, schools and utility clients with
projects located in the U.S., Canada Central
America and the Caribbean. In many cases, we may also be able to provide project
finance or investment.
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Solar electric power systems transform
sunlight into electricity. Sunlight is an abundant resource.
Every minute the sun bathes the Earth in as much energy as
the world consumes in an entire year.
Solar cells employ special materials called
semiconductors that create electricity when exposed to
light. Solar electric systems are quiet and easy to use, and
they require no fuel other than sunlight. Because they
contain no moving parts, they are durable, reliable, and
easy to maintain.
How It Works
Solar
cells, also known as photovoltaic (PV) cells, do the work of
making electricity. Several types of solar electric
technology are under development, but four—crystalline
silicon (a form of refined beach sand), thin films,
concentrators, and thermophotovoltaics—are illustrative of
the range of technologies. Solar cells are connected to a
variety of other components to make a solar electric power
system.
Crystalline Silicon
Crystalline silicon solar cells are used in
more than half of all solar electric devices. Like most
semiconductor devices, they include a positive layer (on the
bottom) and a negative layer (on the top) that create an
electrical field inside the cell. When a photon of light
strikes a semiconductor, it releases electrons (see
animation). The free electrons flow through the solar cell's
bottom layer to a connecting wire as direct current (DC)
electricity.
Some solar cells are made from polycrystalline silicon,
which consists of several small silicon crystals.
Polycrystalline silicon solar cells are cheaper to produce
but somewhat less efficient than single-crystal silicon.
A simple silicon solar cell can power a watch or
calculator. However, it produces only a tiny amount of
electricity. Connected together, solar cells form modules
that can generate substantial amounts of power. Modules are
the building blocks of solar electric systems, which can
produce enough power for a house, a rural medical clinic, or
an entire village. Large arrays of solar electric modules
can power satellites or provide electricity for utilities.
Solar Electric Power System Components
In addition to modules, several components
are needed to complete a solar electric power system.
Many systems include batteries, battery chargers, a
backup generator, and a controller so that people in
solar-powered homes and buildings can turn on the lights at
night or run televisions or appliances on cloudy days.
Grid-connected systems don't require batteries or backup
generators because they use the grid for backup power. Some
remote system applications, such as those used to pump
water, do not require a backup power source.
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Components of a typical
standalone PV system using crystalline silicon
technology. (Source: Solar Electric Power
Association)
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Solar electric power systems can incorporate inverters or
power control units to transform the DC electricity produced
by the solar cells into alternating current (AC) to run AC
appliances or sell to a utility grid. Complete systems
usually include safety disconnects, fuses, and a grounding
circuit as well.
Thin Films
Solar electric thin films are lighter, more
resilient, and easier to manufacture than crystalline
silicon modules. The best-developed thin-film technology
uses amorphous silicon, in which the atoms are not arranged
in any particular order as they would be in a crystal. An
amorphous silicon film only one micron thick can absorb 90%
of the usable solar energy falling on it. Other thin-film
materials include cadmium telluride and copper indium
diselenide. Substantial cost savings are possible with this
technology because thin films require relatively little
semiconductor materials.
Thin films are produced as large, complete modules, not
as individual cells that must be mounted in frames and wired
together. They are manufactured by applying extremely thin
layers of semiconductor material to a low-cost backing such
as glass or plastic. Electrical contacts, antireflective
coatings, and protective layers are also applied directly to
the backing material. Thin films conform to the shape of the
backing, a feature that allows them to be used in such
innovative products as flexible solar electric roofing
shingles.
Concentrators
Concentrators use optical lenses (similar
to plastic magnifying glasses) or mirrors to concentrate the
sunlight that falls on a solar cell. With a concentrator to
magnify the light intensity, the solar cell produces more
electricity. Today, most solar cells in concentrators are
made from crystalline silicon. However, materials such as
gallium arsenide and gallium indium phosphide are more
efficient than silicon in solar electric concentrators and
will likely see more use in the future. These materials are
now used in communications satellites and other space
applications.
Concentrators produce more electricity using less of the
expensive semiconductor material than other solar electric
systems. A basic concentrator unit consists of a lens to
focus the light, a solar cell assembly, a housing element, a
secondary concentrator to reflect off-center light rays onto
the cell, a mechanism to dissipate excess heat, and various
contacts and adhesives. The basic unit can be combined into
modules of varying sizes and shapes. Concentrators only work
with direct sunlight and operate most effectively in sunny,
dry climates. They must be used with tracking systems to
keep them pointed toward the sun.
Thermophotovoltaics
Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) devices convert
heat into electricity in much the same way that other PV
devices convert light into electricity. The difference is
that TPV technology uses semiconductors "tuned" to
the longer-wavelength, invisible infrared radiation emitted
by warm objects. This technology is cleaner, quieter, and
simpler than conventional power generation using steam
turbines and generators.
TPV converters are relatively maintenance-free because
they contain no moving parts. In addition to using solar
energy, they can convert heat from any high-temperature heat
source, including combustion of a fuel such as natural gas
or propane, into electricity. TPV converters produce
virtually no carbon monoxide and few emissions. They may be
used in the future in gas furnaces that generate their own
electricity for self-ignition (during power outages) and in
portable generators and battery chargers.
Advantages
Solar electric systems offer many
advantages. Standalone systems can eliminate the need to
build expensive new power lines to remote locations. For
rural and remote applications, solar electricity can cost
less than any other means of producing electricity. Solar
electric systems can also connect to existing power lines to
boost electricity output during times of high demand such as
on hot, sunny days when air conditioners are on.
Solar electric systems are flexible. Solar electric
modules can stand on the ground or be mounted on rooftops.
They can also be built into glass skylights and walls. They
can be made to look like roof shingles and can even come
equipped with devices to turn their DC output into the same
AC utilities deliver to wall sockets. These advances mean
individual homeowners and businesses can relieve pressure on
local utilities struggling to meet the increasing demand for
electricity.
More
than 30 states offer grid-connected solar electric system
owners the chance to save money on their energy bills by
feeding any excess power their solar electric system
produces into the utility grid—an arrangement called net
metering.
Solar power systems require minimal maintenance. They run
quietly and efficiently without polluting. They are easy to
combine with other types of electric generators such as
wind, hydro, or natural gas turbines. They can charge
batteries to make solar electricity continuously available.
For
utilities, large-scale
solar electric power plants can help meet demand for
new power generation, especially in distributed
applications. A solar electric power plant is created from
multiple arrays that are interconnected electronically.
Solar electric plants are easier to site and are quicker to
build than conventional power plants. They are also easy to
expand incrementally—by adding more modules—as power
demand increases.
Solar electric power systems are good for the
environment. When solar electric technologies displace
fossil fuels for pumping water, lighting homes, or running
appliances, they reduce the greenhouse gases and pollutants
emitted into the atmosphere. The use of solar electric
systems is particularly important in developing nations
because it can help avert the expected increases in
emissions of greenhouse gases caused by the growing demand
for electricity in those countries.
Solar electric technologies also benefit the U.S. economy
by creating jobs in U.S. companies. Exporting solar electric
technologies to developing nations expands U.S. markets
while protecting the global environment.
Disadvantages
Although solar electric systems make
financial sense in remote areas that lack access to power
lines, they are usually more expensive than fossil fuels for
grid-connected applications.
This disadvantage is significant for utilities
considering large-scale solar electric power plants.
Although solar electricity costs considerably more than
electricity generated by conventional plants, regulatory
agencies often require utilities to supply electricity for
the lowest cash cost.
Utilities
view solar electric power plants differently than they view
conventional power plants. Solar electric modules produce
electricity intermittently—only when the sun shines. Their
output varies with the weather and disappears altogether at
night. Integrating solar electricity into a utility system
requires creative planning.
Applications
|
A combination of solar electric
arrays and pool-heating solar collectors were used
to provide power and heat to the Georgia Tech
University Aquatic Center, site of the 1996 Olympic
swimming competition. (Credit: Heliocol)
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Solar electricity has powered satellites
since the dawn of the space program. It has run remote
communications outposts high in the mountains and turned on
the lights, kept medicines cold, and pumped water in rural
areas for more than 30 years. Small solar cells are used to
power wristwatches, calculators, and other electronic
gadgets. More recently, solar electric systems have been
used to provide supplemental power to homes and commercial
buildings in cities.
Solar electric technology has important roles to play in
both the developing and developed worlds. From the farmer
irrigating his crops in rural Mexico to an innovative
lighting system for an Olympic sports arena, solar electric
solutions abound.
Electric
utilities harness solar electricity for distributed
applications—near substations or at the end of overloaded
power lines, for example, to avoid or defer costly line
upgrades. They use solar electricity during hot, sunny
periods when the demand for air conditioning stretches
conventional power generation to its limit. The Sacramento
Municipal Utility District, for example, uses large
solar electric arrays as part of its power generation mix.
Utilities also rely on solar electricity to power remote,
standalone monitoring systems.
Consumers and builders are integrating solar electric
modules into their homes and offices. Innovative solar
electric technologies can replace conventional roofing and
facade materials in new buildings. Solar electric roofing
shingles, for example, are being used in some new
residences. In grid-connected applications, solar
electricity supplies some of a consumer's energy needs; the
local utility provides the rest.
Standalone solar electric systems power a variety of
applications far from the reaches of the power grid. These
applications include remote communications systems such as
television and radio transmitters and receivers, telephone
systems, and microwave repeaters. Standalone solar electric
power is also used to prevent corrosion of metal pipes,
tanks, bridges, and buildings.
Many remote residences worldwide use solar electricity as
their source of power. For instance, more than 100,000
vacation homes in Scandinavia rely solely on solar electric
technology to run lights and appliances.
Villages
around the world are building solar electric systems to
bring electricity to their homes and local industries, often
for the first time. To make the maximum use of available
resources, village power is typically produced by a hybrid
power system that combines solar electricity with diesel
backup generators and sometimes another renewable energy
technology such wind power. Villages also use standalone
solar electric systems for pumping water—an application
shared by rural farmers and ranchers in the United States.
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We offer the following products, services and consulting
services:
About
Us
We provide our clients with comprehensive "waste
to energy" solutions. This includes our in-house engineering services -
and assists our clients understand their best path forward through our
engineering and feedstock feasibility and economic analysis. Once our clients
and our company understands the specific needs, requirements and goals of our
clients, we can then optimize the waste to energy
solution, that might include
one or more of our products and services, including; anaerobic
digester, biomass gasification
plant, cogeneration plant, natural
wastewater treatment plant, trigeneration
plant or other waste to energy or
waste to fuel solution.
begin most and assist our commercial and industrial clients by
providing recommendations and strategies for helping them reduce their carbon emissions, carbon dioxide emissions, greenhouse gas emissions and
keep informed of current laws and pending legislation relating to climate change,
global warming and how they can prepare for Cap and Trade. See our website
at: www.CapAndTrade.net for
more information on Cap and Trade issues, pending legislation and preparing for
federal laws and compliance.
Our clients benefit from our
extensive experience and knowledge of issues relating to renewable energy, environmental and sustainability
issues as well as implementing real world solutions that accomplish our client's goals and objectives. We
have been providing products, consulting services, information, education and
solutions
for reducing: Carbon Emissions (www.CarbonEmissions.com)
Carbon Dioxide Emissions (www.CarbonDioxideEmissions.com) and
Greenhouse Gas Emissions (www.GreenhouseGasEmissions.com)
since 2003. No company is better prepared to help their clients in meeting
these legal and environmental challenges with proven solutions that help save
money through significantly lower energy expenses while simultaneously reducing
or eliminating their Greenhouse Gas Emissions, or eliminating them entirely,
than us! We are the pioneers of "Carbon Free Energy,"
"Pollution Free Power" and "Clean Power Generation" strategies and
solutions that can completely eliminate your company's Greenhouse Gas
Emissions. Our solutions and strategies provide our customers with an integrated approach to today's climate challenges with real world solutions that solve these problems, while reducing energy expenses.
Our solutions include: We
turn your waste into green power and energy! Stop "Wasting
Waste!" Biomass
Gasification Engineering and Feedstock Feasibility Studies
Turnkey Biomass Gasification plants
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Carbon Footprint verification
Sustainability Assessment
Automated Demand Response
Biomass Gasification
Carbon Free Energy
Cogeneration plants
Demand Side Management
Pollution Free Power
Clean Power Generation
Renewable Energy Technologies
Solar Cogeneration
Solar Desalination
Solar Detoxification
Solar Trigeneration
Trigeneration plants
Why Choose Us?
We have proven solutions, products and services that
can reduce or completely eliminate your company's Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Our
staff and team has the technical expertise, depth of knowledge and
affiliations with major universities that are on the cutting edge of research
that is developing the solutions the world needs to solve these problems. And,
we are taking these university solutions to market with products and services
that solve the challenges and problems relating to climate change, fossil fuels
and greenhouse gas emissions. In fact, we don't see these as problems any
longer, but opportunities to help our clients get the jump on their competition,
and our solutions are providing our customers with a sustainable, and durable
competitive advantage.
Frequently Asked Questions
How does our company receive credit for our early actions at reducing our
Greenhouse Gas Emissions?
Before taking action independently, companies should first contact us so that we
can help them establish a Greenhouse Gas Emissions "inventory" which
we can provide as a qualified third-party.
What is the generally accepted format for sustainability reports?
At present, most companies are using the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)
protocols as this provides for the "triple bottom line" reporting which includes
social, economic and environmental performance measurements. We also line to
include in our triple bottom line "people, planet and profit."
What are the benefits of verifying
your company's Greenhouse Gas Emissions?
1. Satisfies regulatory compliance
regulations as well as accounting regulations relating to accuracy in reporting to customers,
stockholders and other company stakeholders. 2.
Prepare for present and future regulatory compliance
- Cap and Trade is coming! 3.
Establishes a present-day baseline for
receiving future Greenhouse Gas Emissions Credits when your company begins
taking action to reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions. 4.
Provides a blueprint and strategy for
knowing how, where and when to begin reducing your company's Greenhouse Gas
Emissions.
|
Utility
Solar Power
www.UtilitySolarPower.com
Concentrating
Solar Power, Concentrating
Photovoltaic
&
High
Concentration Photovoltaic
Development, Engineering, Procurement, Construction, Feasibility Studies
and Consulting Services
We
Do Solar Right!
sm
Carbon Emissions Market worth $2
Trillion by 2012 according to the United Nations
Full story found on following link:
http://www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.asp?DocumentID=433&ArticleID=4792&l=en
Leading
the Net
Zero Energysm
& Net Zero Energy Buildingsm Revolution!
We Sell and
Install Solar
Water Heating Systems,
Solar
Cogeneration
& Solar
Trigeneration
Systems,
Evacuated Tube
Collectors, and
Solar
Electric Power Systems
Now Installing Solar Energy Systems
****
Nationwide ****
for Commercial Clients/Real Estate Developments and Utilities
and
at No Cost for Qualified Commercial Clients
PPA Funding for
Power Purchase Agreements
and
Solar Power Purchase Agreements
Now Available Through PPA
Funding
Partners
for Qualified Commercial and Industrial Clients
Solar
Power and Energy
Services Include:
Solar
Energy Feasibility
Solar
Power Feasibility
Solar
Feasibility
Solar
Feasibility Studies
* No
Cost Solar Trigeneration Energy Systems
for Qualified Commercial Customers
*
Terms and Conditions for Free Solar Power System include: (1) For
qualified commercial clients only. (2) Minimum size rating of 25 kW
solar power system. (3) Minimum monthly electric usage requirements
apply. (4) Subject to credit approval. (5) Other conditions may apply,
depending on location, utility restrictions and regulations.
We Help Our Commercial Clients - NATIONWIDE -
Go Solar...
Really Fast, Simple and Easy, with ZERO Upfront-costs (for qualified commercial
clients with
our
Solar
Power Purchase Agreement
"Buy
Solar Power, Not Solar Panels"™
We are affiliated with a Solar HCPV technology and fast-growing,
"below-the-radar" solar R&D company
that provides significant
breakthroughs in solar power efficiency and
costs.
The HCPV technology costs about 50% less than our competitors.
Minimum Size: 1 MW
10 year warranty
$3.75 million for equipment
6-9 months lead time
Now seeking sites and clients in California, Nevada, New Mexico
Utility Scale Solar Power:
Highest Efficiencies - Lowest Costs
Providing
project development services including; Renewable
Energy Investments,
Project Finance (including Tax
Equity Investment
and Tax
Equity Financing),
and Funding of Power Purchase Agreements
Now
Making Solar Land Acquisitions and Developing Solar Power Plants in:
Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico & Texas
Call/email for more information
Tel.
(832) 758
- 0027
Email:
info@HCPV.org
Our
Net Zero Energy
Building™ upgrades "brown" buildings to "green" buildings,
with our Solar
Trigeneration™
energy system, similar to one installed on a 5,000 sq. ft. office building that
has been operating "dis-connected" from the electric
grid for 6 years. And, the owners received one of the first Platinum
LEED awards in the U.S.
Customers that
could benefit from having their "brown" building upgraded to a
"green" building with one of our Solar
Trigeneration™
energy systems include:
Casinos
Churches (with schools)
Cities
Colleges
Condos
Convenience Stores
Data Centers
Department Stores
Government facilities
Health Clubs
Hospitals
Hotels
Laundries
Manufacturing
Office Buildings/campuses
Radio and Television Stations
Restaurants
Schools
Server Farms
Shopping Centers
Universities
For
many qualified commercial customers, we will install our Solar
Trigeneration™
energy system (or one of our other Solar
Energy Systems) at your
business....
with
no up-front costs!
and sell the "pollution
free power" power
and energy to your business - for LESS than what you are presently paying your
utility company/companies!
Whether your business purchases one of our solutions or we install - own - operate - and maintain
the Solar Energy System solution on behalf of your business through our Power
Purchase Agreement and sell the power and energy to your business
at a discount - your business will have lower
power and energy expenses while significantly reducing
your greenhouse gas
emissions.
For inquiries about one of our products and services, or help in making
your business or facility a "Net Zero Energy"™ business, contact
us by email or phone:
Tel
(832) 758 - 0027
Email:
info@NetZeroEnergy.com
Top Sales Performers, Join the Leader in the
Net Zero EnergySM
and
Net
Zero Energy BuildingSM Revolution!
Now accepting resumes (by email only)
for
Independent
Sales Representatives (ISR) that want to help customers convert their "brown" buildings to green, "Net Zero
Energy Buildings" with one of our Solar Energy Systems.
Prospective ISRs
must
have a proven background in selling one or more of the following;
Solar Energy Systems
Demand Side Management
solutions
Onsite Power Generation systems
Evacuated Tube
Collectors
Solar
Thermal Collectors
Solar
Water Heating Systems
Solar
Electric Power Systems
Solar
Photovoltaic Panels
to Fortune 1000 companies.
We supply the equipment, installation ( and financing through our Power
Purchase Agreement
for qualified commercial, municipal, government or utility clients with at
least a 100 kW installation) and any rebates the customer may be
entitled to.
You supply the clients and if you are responsible for the sale, you will
receive one of the highest industry commissions available. Protected territories available for top-performers.
Please send
resume (No
phone calls) to:
info@NetZeroEnergy.com
For
More Information About Reducing or Eliminating
Your Company's Carbon Emissions, or Upgrading your Company's
Buildings/Facility with Net Zero Energy Building,
call/email:
Call/email for more information
Tel. (832)
758 - 0027
Email:
info@ConcentratingSolarPower.com
"Buy
Solar Power, Not Solar Panels"sm
|
Concentrating
Solar Power
www.ConcentratingSolarPower.com
Concentrating
Solar Power Project Development, Engineering,
Procurement, Construction,
Feasibility Studies and Consulting Services
Tel. (78327)7
758 - 00277
Email:
info@ConcentratingSolarPower.com
We
provide the following Concentrating Solar Power - some with our strategic
partners or affiliates:
and
other consulting services
for clients interested in "Utility-scale" Concentrating
Solar Power plants.
Our work is
performed on a strict adherence to "vendor-neutrality." We
seek to maximize the return on investment from both the economic and
environmental aspects while simultaneously minimizing the operational expenses
for our clients.
What is Concentrating Solar
Power?
Concentrating
solar power
plants produce electric power by converting the sun's energy
into high-temperature heat using various mirror configurations. The heat
is then channeled through a conventional generator. The plants consist
of two parts: one that collects solar energy and converts it to heat,
and another that converts heat energy to electricity.
Concentrating
solar power
systems can be sized for village power (10 kilowatts) or
grid-connected applications (up to 100 megawatts). Some systems use
thermal storage during cloudy periods or at night. Others can be
combined with natural gas and the resulting hybrid power plants provide
high-value, dispatchable power. These attributes, along with world
record solar-to-electric conversion efficiencies, make concentrating
solar power an attractive renewable energy option in the Southwest and
other sunbelt regions worldwide.
Why
Concentrating Solar Power is one of the Few "Superior"
Renewable Energy Technologies Concentrating
solar power plants use the high annual solar irradiance
of the geographic location to generate "carbon
free energy" and "pollution
free power." For
generating power after the sun sets, many
owners/developer of concentrating
solar power
plants are now installing "Molten
Salt Storage" systems that reserves enough energy to allow for
electricity generation throughout the nighttime period. Steam turbines and
gas turbines powered by coal, uranium,
oil and natural gas are the fuels used today for generating power and electric grid
stability. These fuels provide both base-load and peak power. However,
these same steam turbines can also be powered by the high temperature
heat from concentrating
solar power
plants. Concentrating
solar power plants
in the 30 MW - 200 MW range are now operating successfully in locations from California
to Europe. Nearly every day now, new concentrating
solar power plants
are being planned for construction. The concentrating solar collectors are
very efficient and they also completely replace the fossil fuels that were used
in traditional power plants. Today's concentrating
solar power plants
generate the heat needed to generate electricity at a cost equivalent to $50 -
$60 per barrel of oil (equivalent). This cost is expected be slashed by
50% to below $25 - $30 per barrel in the next 10 years. Just like conventional
fossil-fueled power plants, concentrating
solar power plants
generate base-load and peaking power electricity. Just like fossil fuel fired conventional
power plants, concentrating
solar power plants
have an availability that is close to 100 %, but without the carbon
emissions, carbon dioxide
emissions, hazardous air
pollutants, nitrogen oxides, volatile
organic compounds and greenhouse
gas emissions that fossil fuel power plants emit. A
concentrating
solar power plant with a
molten salt storage facility for
full load operation during the nighttime period is currently being built in the Spanish Sierra Nevada near
Guadix.
This concentrating
solar power
plant will generate 50 MW of
power.
Another feature that distinguishes concentrating
solar power plants
is the opportunity for combined generation of heat and power - a technology that
is called "Integrated
Solar Combined Cycle" which achieves the highest possible efficiencies for energy conversion. In addition
to power generation, such plants can provide steam for absorption
chillers and/or adsorption
chillers, industrial process heat or thermal ocean water desalination. A design study for such a plant was
completed in 2006. This plant is scheduled to be commissioned in early 2009.
This Integrated Solar
Combined Cycle will provide 10 MW of power, 40 MW of district cooling and 10,000 cubic
meters per day of desalted water for a large hotel in Jordan.
___________________________________________________________________________
Section
45 Tax Credits
Renewable Energy Tax Credits
Our renewable
energy project development expertise has made us a leading authority of
helping our clients with Section 45 Tax Credits. Our company and our
attorneys are skilled in the areas of renewable energy project finance and
tax issues relating to renewable energy projects. We are able to assist
our clients in connection with Section 45 tax credit project finance.
Our experience in Section 45 tax credits has helped us structure optimal
renewable energy project solutions that match our clients unique economic
and tax goals and requirements, which include regulatory constraints and
regulatory compliance for most any state.
Section 45 tax credits generate $.021 cents per kwh of electricity
produced by the taxpayer and sold to an unrelated person or company.
Section 45 tax credits are available for renewable electricity produced
from certain renewable energy projects including, closed-loop biomass,
open-loop biomass, geothermal power plants, solar energy, small irrigation
power, municipal solid waste, and qualified hydro power production,
refined coal and wind power generation.
See one of our
following sites at:
www.Section45TaxCredits.com
or www.RenewableEnergyTaxCredits.com
for more
information or call: (832) 758 - 0027 for more information
_____________________________________________________
What is "Cogeneration"?
Did
you know that 10% of our nation's electricity now comes from "cogeneration"
plants?
And
because cogeneration is so efficient, it
saves its customers up to 40% on their energy expenses, and provides even greater savings to our
environment through significant reductions in fuel usage and much lower greenhouse
gas emissions.
Cogeneration
- also known as “combined heat and
power” (CHP), cogen, district energy, total energy, and combined cycle, is the simultaneous production of heat (usually in the form of hot water and/or steam) and power, utilizing one primary
fuel such as natural gas, or a renewable fuel, such as Biomethane,
B100 Biodiesel, or Synthesis
Gas.
Cogeneration
technology is not the latest industry buzz-word being touted as the solution to our nation's energy woes.
Cogeneration
is a proven technology that has been around for over 120 years!
Our nation's first commercial power plant was a
cogeneration
plant that was designed and built by Thomas Edison in 1882 in New York. Our
nation's first commercial power plant was called the "Pearl Street
Station."
What
is "Trigeneration"?
Trigeneration
takes cogeneration one additional
step. Trigeneration is defined as the simultaneous production of three forms of energy - typically,
Cooling,
Heating and Power - from only one fuel input. Put another way, our trigeneration
energy systems produce three
different types of energy for the price of one.
Our
Trigeneration energy systems overall system efficiencies
have exceeded 85% efficiency.
Typical "central" power
plants that electric utility companies own and operate normally do not use the heat
generated from the combustion and power generation process. Therefore, they are only about
30% to 35% efficient, wasting 65% to 70% of the available energy, that is simply
wasted, and lost, with the heat going up their smokestacks.
Here
is a trigeneration diagram that better reflects the trigeneration process:

Trigeneration
Diagram & Description
Trigeneration Power Plants' Have the Highest System Efficiencies and are
About 300 % More Efficient than Typical Central Power Plants
Trigeneration
plants are installed at locations that can benefit from all three forms of
energy. These types of installations that install trigeneration power
plants are called "onsite power generation" also referred to as
"decentralized energy."
One
of our company's principal's first experience with the design and development of
a trigeneration power plant was the trigeneration power plant installation at Rice University in 1987 where
our trigeneration development team started out by conducting a
"cogeneration" feasibility study. We installed a 4.0 MW
Ruston gas turbine for the power plant. Rice University selected an EPC
company that installed the trigeneration power plant, along with waste heat recovery
boilers and absorption chillers. A "waste heat recovery
boiler" captures the heat from the exhaust of the gas turbine. From
there, the recovered energy was converted to chilled water - originally from (3)
Hitachi Absorption Chillers - 2 were rated at 1,000 tons each, and the third
Hitachi Absorption Chiller was rated at 1,500 tons. The Hitachi absorption
chillers were replaced shortly after their installation by the EPC
company. The first trigeneration
plant at Rice University was so successful, they added a second 5.0 MW
trigeneration plant so today, Rice University is now generating about 9.0 MW of
electricity, and also producing the cooling and heating the university needs
from the trigeneration plant and circulating the trigeneration energy around its
campus.

Trigeneration Chart
Trigeneration's
"Super-Efficiency" compared
with other competing technologies
As you can see, there is No Competition for Trigeneration!
How
we make and distribute electricity is changing! The
electric power transmission and distribution system (the electric
"grid") is changing and evolving from the electric grid of the
19th and 20th centuries, which was inefficient, polluting, high-cost, and
“dumb” which resembles:
…..To the electric grid of the 21st century (see slide below) that will be
Decentralized, Smart, Efficient and provide “pollution
free power” to customers who remain on the
electric grid. The electric grid of the future will be comprised of
Onsite Power
Generation plants fueled with Biomethane,
B100 Biodiesel, Geothermal, Synthesis
Gas, Wind & Solar power - located at Residential, Commercial, Industrial
and City/Municipal Locations. Some customers will choose to dis-connect from the
grid entirely.
Typical
"central" power plants and the electric utility companies
that own them will either be shut-down, closed or go out of business due
to one or more of the following: failed business model, inordinate
expenses related to central power plants that are inefficient, excessive
pollution/emissions, high costs, and failure to provide efficient, carbon
free energy and pollution free
power that reduces our dependence on foreign oil and makes us Energy
Independent while reducing and eliminating Greenhouse
Gas Emissions
Our
trigeneration power plants are the ideal onsite power
and energy solution for customers that include: Data
Centers, Hospitals, Universities, Airports, Central Plants, Colleges
& Universities, Dairies, Server Farms, District Heating & Cooling
Plants,
Food Processing Plants, Golf/Country
Clubs, Government Buildings, Grocery Stores, Hotels, Manufacturing
Plants,
Nursing Homes, Office
Buildings / Campuses,
Radio Stations, Refrigerated
Warehouses,
Resorts,
Restaurants,
Schools, Server Farms, Shopping Centers, Supermarkets, Television
Stations, Theatres and Military Bases.
We partner and collaborate with other forward thinking
companies and communities that are interested in changing the outdated power and energy model of the past
- inefficient and highly-polluting central power plants that average 33%
efficiency - to a new paradigm and model for the future - community-based cogeneration and trigeneration power
plants at more than 90% efficiency - and therefore provides power and energy at
lower prices while significantly reducing and even eliminating typical power
plant emissions and greenhouse gas emissions.
Call
(832) 758 - 0027 for more information about community-based cogeneration and
trigeneration power plants, or about making your community, hospital, university
or other commercial facility a model for the future.
At
about 86% to 93% net system efficiency, our trigeneration
power plants are about 300% more efficient at providing energy than your current
electric utility. That's because the typical electric utility's power plants are
only about 33% efficient - they waste 2/3 of the fuel in generating electricity
in the enormous amount of waste heat energy that they exhaust through their
smokestacks.
Trigeneration
is defined as the simultaneous production of three energies: cooling,
heating and power.
Our trigeneration power plants use the same amount of fuel
in producing three energies that
would normally only produce just one type of energy. This means our customers
that have our trigeneration power plants have significantly
lower energy expenses, and a lower carbon footprint.
All
of our trigeneration power plants can produce 20 - 42 degree F. chilled water, as well as
steam and hot water while generating at least 200 kW of power. We can build trigeneration
power plants up to 10 MW and with system efficiencies approaching 100%.
Our
range of services (some provided by affiliate companies or manufacturing
suppliers) include:
-
Design/engineering,
Engineering Feasibility and Economic Analysis Studies
-
Legal
-
Energy
Service Agreements
-
Power
Purchase Agreements
-
Build
-
Finance
-
Own
-
Operate
-
Maintain
-
Long
Term Service Agreements
Our
renewable energy projects generate Renewable
Energy Credit or Certified
Emission Reduction credits, which provide an additional income stream from
our projects.
We
are committed to excellence and exceeding our customers goals and objectives,
and will NOT use equipment from the following manufacturers:
Capstone microturbines
Daewoo engines
GE Power
Guascor
Jenbacher
Kawasaki turbines
in ANY of our cogeneration or trigeneration power plants.
We can package any combination of standard size plants to come up with your
optimum size system.
Our
company, and our company's manufacturers and packagers only use
"industrial" engines that are made in the U.S.A.
Our standard and customized cogeneration
and trigeneration energy systems use the leading brands of reciprocating engines or turbines and
include our proprietary Waste Heat Recovery
technologies that help us achieve system efficiencies greater than 90% and
effective heat rates as low as 4050 btu's/kW. We provide both standard and
customized cogeneration and trigeneration
energy systems that meet our
customer's most stringent economic and environmental requirements.
Our
cogeneration and trigeneration
energy systems can run on renewable
fuels for even greater environmental and economic savings! These fuels or energy
sources include: Biomethane, B100
Biodiesel, Dimethyl-Ether, Synthesis
Gas and natural gas. Net system efficiencies of our trigeneration
power plants are now exceeding 90% with up to 95% lower emissions when using Biomethane,
B100 Biodiesel, Dimethyl-Ether
or Synthesis Gas as the fuel for Trigeneration
power plants.
For
pricing and delivery information on our Cogeneration
or Trigeneration power plants, call (832) 758 -
0027 or send an email with your project's requirements to: info@trigeneration.com
Read
more about our Trigeneration Power Plants on our Specifications
page.
Our
New "Integrated" Trigeneration
Plants Have
Very High Efficiencies & Low Fuel Costs
The Effective Heat Rate is Approximately
4050 btu/kW & System Efficiency is 92%
Pictures of a Cogeneration Energy
System Built for New Industrial Customer.
This Cogeneration Plant is Rated at 900 kW and Features (2) Natural Gas Engines
@ 450 kW each on one Skid.



Our onsite cogeneration and trigeneration energy systems are an ideal solution for
customers wanting increased power reliability and decreased energy and
environmental costs. A few of the types of buildings and businesses that
would benefit from an onsite trigeneration plant include the following:
Airports
Casinos
Central
Plants
Colleges
& Universities
Dairies
Data Centers & Server Farms
District Heating & Cooling plants
Food Processing Plants
Golf/Country
Clubs
Government
Buildings and Facilities
Grocery Stores
Hospitals
Hotels
Manufacturing
Plants
Military
Bases
Nursing Homes
Office
Buildings / Campuses
Radio Stations
Refrigerated
Warehouses
Resorts
Restaurants
Schools
Server
Farms
Shopping
centers
Supermarkets
Television
Stations
Theatres
For pricing and delivery information on our Cogeneration
or Trigeneration
power plants, call (832) 758 - 0027 or send an email with your goals, objectives
and requirements to: info@trigeneration.com
Our
trigeneration plants will;
* forever change the way that energy is generated and used.
*
will be fueled with "green fuels" such as; Biomethane,
B100 Biodiesel, Synthesis
Gas (generated from biomass feedstock and "converted" through Biomass
Gasification plants), Dimethyl Ether
or Solar Energy.
*
eliminate or greatly reduce our customer's electric demand charges.
* significantly increase the amount of renewable energy used in the U.S. and
around the world when renewable fuels such as Biomethane,
B100 Biodiesel, Synthesis
Gas or Dimethyl Ether
* stop/reverse climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and
carbon dioxide emissions.
* reduce and eventually eliminate the use of "fossil fuels."
*
reduce the need for inefficient and expensive central power plants owned by
utility companies.
* promote energy independence.
*
end America's
dependence on oil from OPEC and other countries in the Middle-East, Venezuela
and end our need for importing natural gas from Russia.
Prospective joint
venture partners are invited to send an introductory email regarding your
interests in renewable energy along with your financial abilities and
expectations to: info@Trigeneration.com
More
information and background on cogeneration
Primary fuels commonly used in cogeneration include natural gas, oil, diesel fuel, propane, coal, wood, wood-waste and bio-mass. These "primary" fuels are used to make electricity, a "secondary" fuel. This is why electricity, when compared on a btu to btu basis, is typically 3-4 times more expensive than primary fuels such as natural gas.
An example of a cogeneration process would be the automobile in which the primary fuel (gasoline) is burned in an internal combustion engine - this produces both mechanical and electrical energy (cogeneration). These combined energies, derived from the combustion process of the car's engine, operate the various systems of the automobile, including the drive-train or transmission (mechanical power), lights (electrical power), air conditioning (mechanical and electrical power), and heating of the car's interior when heat is required to keep the car's occupants warm. This heat, which is manufactured by the engine during the combustion process, was “captured” from the engine and then re-directed to the passenger compartment.
Due to competitive pressures to cut costs and reduce emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gasses, owners and operators of industrial and commercial facilities are actively looking for ways to use energy more efficiently. One option is cogeneration, also known as combined heat and power (CHP). Cogeneration/CHP is the simultaneous production of electricity and useful heat from the same fuel or energy. Facilities with cogeneration systems use them to produce their own electricity, and use the unused excess (waste) heat for process steam, hot water heating, space heating, and other thermal needs. They may also use excess process heat to produce steam for electricity production. Cogeneration currently coexists with a regulated industry that is going through major structural changes that may limit or expand its application.
Cogeneration and
The concept of cogeneration is not
new, as we discussed previously. Early in this century, before there was an extensive network of power lines, many industries had cogeneration plants. As utilities became established and grew, most states began to regulate them in order to limit their pricing power. The Public Utilities Holding Act of 1935 (PUHCA), together with amendments to the Federal Power Act (also in 1935), were the final steps in protecting utility companies from competition. These laws created vertically integrated utilities with responsibility for the production, transmission, and distribution of power. In exchange for their exclusive franchises (territories) and guaranteed revenues, utilities agreed to government regulation of rates and service. Under these rules, more investments in infrastructure and more sales meant more profits. As the network of power lines grew and electricity from utilities became more economical, industrial facilities bought more of their electricity from utilities. However, many industries still had to generate process heat on-site. The economies of scale that the utilities were able to obtain at that time, as well as the availability of low-priced process heat from cheap oil and gas, removed incentives to retain cogeneration equipment.
In the past three decades, however, the long-term trend of energy prices generally moved upward. Building more and more large power plants no longer provided economies of scale. This was a major factor in the increasing use of cogeneration by commercial and industrial facilities.
The Public Utilities Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 (PURPA) provided further encouragement for developers of cogeneration plants. Section 210 required utilities to purchase excess electricity generated by "qualified facilities" (QFs) and to provide backup power at a reasonable cost. QFs included plants that used renewable resources and/or cogeneration technologies to produce electricity. PURPA cogenerators must use at least 5% of their thermal output for process or space heating (10% for facilities that burn oil or natural gas). In many cases, this forced independent cogenerators to accept very low rates for their steam production in order to become a qualified facility under PURPA. Another problem is the rate at which utilities purchase a cogenerator’s excess power production.
Most states set the price at "avoided cost," or the cost to the utility of producing that extra power. Utilities with excess power generation capacity are often allowed to have extremely low avoided costs. This practice has created artificial barriers to cogeneration as well as to independent power generators.
The Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct) tried to create a more competitive marketplace for electricity generation. It created a new class of power generators known as Exempt Wholesale Generators (EWGs). These are exempt from PUHCA regulation and can sell power competitively to wholesale customers. A cogeneration facility can be (but does not have to be) a QF under PURPA and an EWG under EPAct. This happens when the facility is in the exclusive business of wholesale power sales, and makes no retail power sales to its "steam host" (customer).
Cogeneration Technology
A typical cogeneration system consists of an engine, steam turbine, or combustion turbine that drives an electrical generator. A waste heat exchanger recovers waste heat from the engine and/or exhaust gas to produce hot water or steam. Cogeneration produces a given amount of electric power and process heat with 10% to 30% less fuel than it takes to produce the electricity and process heat separately.
There are two main types of cogeneration concepts: "Topping Cycle" plants, and "Bottoming Cycle" plants. A topping cycle plant generates electricity or mechanical power first. Facilities that generate electrical power may produce the electricity for their own use, and then sell any excess power to a utility. There are four types of topping cycle cogeneration systems. The first type burns fuel in a gas turbine or diesel engine to produce electrical or mechanical power. The exhaust provides process heat, or goes to a heat recovery boiler to create steam to drive a secondary steam turbine. This is a combined-cycle topping system. The second type of system burns fuel (any type) to produce high-pressure steam that then passes through a steam turbine to produce power. The exhaust provides low-pressure process steam. This is a steam-turbine topping system. A third type burns a fuel such as natural gas, diesel, wood, gasified coal, or landfill gas. The hot water from the engine jacket cooling system flows to a heat recovery boiler, where it is converted to process steam and hot water for space heating. The fourth type is a gas-turbine topping system. A natural gas turbine drives a generator. The exhaust gas goes to a heat recovery boiler that makes process steam and process heat. A topping cycle cogeneration plant always uses some additional fuel, beyond what is needed for manufacturing, so there is an operating cost associated with the power production.
Bottoming cycle plants are much less common than topping cycle plants. These plants exist in heavy industries such as glass or metals manufacturing where very high temperature furnaces are used. A waste heat recovery boiler recaptures waste heat from a manufacturing heating process. This waste heat is then used to produce steam that drives a steam turbine to produce electricity. Since fuel is burned first in the production process, no extra fuel is required to produce electricity.
An emerging technology that has cogeneration possibilities is the fuel cell. A fuel cell is a device that converts hydrogen to electricity without combustion. Heat is also produced. Most fuel cells use natural gas (composed mainly of methane) as the source of hydrogen. The first commercial availability of fuel cell technology was the phosphoric acid fuel cell, which has been on the market for a few years. There are about 50 installed and operating in the United States. Other fuel cell technologies (molten carbonate and solid oxide) are in early stages of development. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) may be potential source for cogeneration, due to the high temperature heat generated by their operation.
Cogeneration Applications
Cogeneration systems have been designed and built for many different applications. Large-scale systems can be built on-site at a plant, or off-site. Off-site plants need to be close enough to a steam customer (or municipal steam loop) to cover the cost of a steam pipeline. Industrial or commercial facility owners can operate the plants, or a utility or a non-utility generator (NUG) may own and operate them. Manufacturers use 90% of all cogeneration systems. Some industries and waste incinerator operators who own their own equipment realize sizable profits with cogeneration.
Another large-scale application of cogeneration is for district heating and cooling. Many colleges, hospitals, office buildings and even cities, that have extensive district heating and cooling systems, have at their core, a cogeneration or trigeneration power plant. The University of Florida has a 42 Megawatt (MW) gas turbine cogeneration plant, built in partnership with the Florida Power Corporation. Some large cogeneration facilities were built primarily to produce power. They produce only enough steam to meet the requirements for qualified facilities under PURPA. If no steam host is nearby, one can be built. For example, there are large (80 MW) plants operating under PURPA that have large greenhouses as "steam hosts." The greenhouses operate without losing money only because their steam heat is virtually free of charge. These types of plants are candidates to become EWGs in the new regulatory environment.
Many utilities have formed subsidiaries to own and operate cogeneration plants. These subsidiaries are successful due to the operation and maintenance experience that the utilities bring to them. They also usually have a long-term sales contract lined up before the plant is built. One example is a 300 MW plant that is owned and operated by a subsidiary co-owned by a utility and an oil company. The utility feeds the power directly into its grid. The oil company uses the steam to increase production from its nearby oil wells.
Cogeneration systems are also available to small-scale users of electricity. Small-scale packaged or "modular" systems are being manufactured for commercial and light industrial applications. Modular cogeneration systems are compact, and can be manufactured economically. These systems, ranging in size from 20 kilowatts (kW) to 650 kW produce electricity and hot water from engine waste heat. It is usually best to size the systems to meet the hot water needs of a building. Thus, the best applications are for buildings such as hospitals or restaurants that have a year-round need for hot water or steam. They can be operated continuously or only during peak load hours to reduce peak demand charges, although continuous operation usually has the quickest payback period.
Several companies also attempted to develop systems that burn natural gas and fuel oil for private residences. These home-sized cogeneration packages had a capacity of up to 10 kW, and were capable of providing most of the heating and electrical needs for a home. As of May 2000, none of the companies that developed these systems are selling these units. Several fuel call manufacturers are targeting residential and small commercial applications.
Environmental Issues
While cogeneration provides several environmental benefits by making use of waste heat and waste products, air pollution is a concern any time fossil fuels or biomass are burned. The major regulated pollutants include particulates, sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrous oxides
(NOx). Water quality, while a lesser concern, can also be a problem. New cogeneration plants are subject to an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) permit process designed to meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS). Many states have stricter regulations than the EPA. This can add significantly to the initial cost of some cogeneration facilities located in urban areas.
Some cogeneration systems, such as diesel engines, do not capture as much waste heat as other systems. Others may not be able to use all the thermal energy that they produce because of their location. They are therefore less efficient, and the corresponding environmental benefits are less than they could be. The environmental impacts of air and water pollution and waste disposal are very site-specific for cogeneration. This is a problem for some cogeneration plants because the special equipment (water treatment, air scrubbers, etc.) required to meet environmental regulations adds to the cost of the project. If, on the other hand, pollution control equipment is required for the primary industrial or commercial process anyway, cogeneration can be economically attractive.
Even the environmental groups are on the cogeneration bandwagon. Since its' founding, the Sierra Club has supported total energy (cogeneration). See the Sierra Club's statement on energy policy.
Cogeneration and Future Market Development
Several factors will affect the growth of cogeneration activities. They include the initial cost of buying and bringing a cogeneration system on-line, maintenance costs, and environmental control requirements. Some electric utilities do not need additional electricity. They may have excess generation capacity or a stable customer base. This leads to lower "avoided cost" rates, which reduces the viability of cogeneration projects that rely heavily on power sales to utilities.
The restructuring of the electric power generation and distribution industry that is currently underway in many states, makes it more attractive for developers to become independent power producers and to build "electricity only" power plants, instead of cogeneration plants. There has also been a great deal of pressure from utility and industrial special interests to repeal or amend
PURPA.
If they are successful, it could be difficult for new cogeneration projects to get off the ground. Barring that development, improved technology and cooperation among industries, businesses, utilities, and financiers should provide impetus to the continued development of both cogeneration projects and independent power production projects.
One significant impetus for cogeneration is the issue of global climate change from
global warming caused by the greenhouse effect, of which fossil fuel combustion is a major contributor.
Cogeneration is the environmentally-friendly, economically-sensible way to produce power, simultaneously saving significant amounts of money and also dramatically reducing total greenhouse gas emissions.
____________________________________________________________________________________
Equity positions now available for qualified joint venture
partner(s)
in over one hundred facilities and businesses for our
customers seeking our Demand Side Management solutions.
Our DSM solutions include our proprietary "packaged" cogeneration,
trigeneration and other Decentralized Energy
and Onsite Power Generation
systems to be installed at our first 100 locations in the U.S.
Our new company (an ESCO - Energy Service Company will own, operate and maintain our
cogeneration and trigeneration
energy systems, at our customer's locations, under our 20 year Energy Services
Agreement. Under the agreement, we become our customer's "clean power
company" and sell them the clean power and energy generated from our cogeneration
and trigeneration energy
systems, at their facilities/locations. Our power and energy prices
will save our clients thousands of dollars every year - over what they are now paying their present electric utility for "dirty" power.
Our present customers
now include over one hundred:
Casinos
Colleges
Convenience Stores
Department Stores
Fast-food Restaurants
Health Clubs
Hospitals
Radio and Television Stations
Restaurants
Schools
Universities
Our
cogeneration and trigeneration
energy systems generate clean power at about 300% greater efficiency than typical "central power
plants." This results in significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.
fuel usage and energy expenses.
For inquiries about our Co/Trigeneration energy systems, Co/Trigeneration Energy Services or
to have one of our Cogeneration or Trigeneration Energy Systems at your commercial business, call
(832) 758 - 0027.
_____________________________________________________
Section
45 Tax Credits
Renewable Energy Tax Credits
Our renewable
energy project development expertise has made us a leading authority of
helping our clients with Section 45 Tax Credits. Our company and our
attorneys are skilled in the areas of renewable energy project finance and
tax issues relating to renewable energy projects. We are able to assist
our clients in connection with Section 45 tax credit project finance.
Our experience in Section 45 tax credits has helped us structure optimal
renewable energy project solutions that match our clients unique economic
and tax goals and requirements, which include regulatory constraints and
regulatory compliance for most any state.
Section 45 tax credits generate $.021 cents per kwh of electricity
produced by the taxpayer and sold to an unrelated person or company.
Section 45 tax credits are available for renewable electricity produced
from certain renewable energy projects including, closed-loop biomass,
open-loop biomass, geothermal power plants, solar energy, small irrigation
power, municipal solid waste, and qualified hydro power production,
refined coal and wind power generation.
See one of our
following sites at:
www.Section45TaxCredits.com
or www.RenewableEnergyTaxCredits.com
for more
information or call: (832) 758 - 0027 for more information
_____________________________________________________
Biomass
Gasification
www.BiomassGasification.com
Biomass Gasification Technologies' advanced "pressurized
gasification" plants are the result of 20 years of research
and development during which time our biomass gasification
technology has been awarded numerous grants
from multiple government agencies including the EPA and DOE along with five
patents.
We have been operating our first full-scale, commercial
biomass gasification
pilot plant which integrates all of our patents,
utilizing multiple biomass feedstock, for the past two years. This first
biomass gasification
generates just over 1.0 MW of clean power. All of our
research has now been validated and we are generating "carbon
negative energy" from our Synthesis
Gas. We
are now making our superior gasification technology
available through sale, joint venture development, or through a licensing
agreement. We are now offering licenses to manufacture, install, sell and
co-develop our biomass gasification plants. Until we select the licensees, we
are developing joint
venture partnerships in Africa, Canada, Central and South America, Europe, and
Southeast Asia. In the U.S., we are offering two licenses to qualified licensees
that can assist in the manufacturing of our biomass gasification plants. One
license is available for west of the Mississippi, and another license is
available for east of the Mississippi.
At the
present time, we are actively seeking new
biomass gasification
projects in the U.S. and Canada that are in the
5 MW to 20 MW range and are very interested in working with cities and
municipalities and the agricultural communities that have an abundance of biomass feedstock - and would be interested in replacing their
fossil fuels (natural gas) with the Synthesis
Gas produced from our biomass gasification
plant, and their biomass feedstock
- a real win-win solution for all! In
late 2009, we will have our second commercial biomass gasification
online and generating 10 MW of "carbon
free energy" near Houston, Texas. The primary biomass
feedstock for this plant will be urban
wood waste (wood chips and saw dust), rice
husks, sewage sludge and construction
and demolition materials from Hurricane Ike last year.
Our biomass gasification plants are fueled with biomass waste streams that can include most any
biomass or organic material, or "waste." Is
your city or landfill "Wasting Waste"?
Cities and landfill owners are "wasting
waste" and losing out on a huge environmental and economic opportunity!
Biomass materials and organic waste
materials are now being
wasted by every city and landfill, when these valuable "wastes" are
disposed of in overcrowded landfills. Because there are so many landfills
that have limited space - and for some cities that need this valuable real
estate, we are very interested in assisting cities and landfill owners with
"Landfill Reclamation."
The biomass gasification plants we manufacture are the ideal solution for cities and businesses that want to generate
"waste to energy" or "waste to
fuel" with NO carbon
emissions, carbon
dioxide emissions or greenhouse gas
emissions!
Did you know that most landfills contain - on average - 65% organic materials
that could be used as fuel in our biomass gasification plants?
These ideal biomass feedstock fuels going to
landfills not only waste the limited space of landfills, but are "wasting" the waste
that we could use as fuel, and generate "green
energy and power" and "carbon
negative energy" for these cities.
In addition to about 65% of the waste streams being wasted by landfilling them, our
biomass gasification plants can also convert most any carbon-based (biomass or organic) waste
stream, including: urban wood
waste, lawn and grass clippings, sewage
sludge, railroad ties, saw dust, forestry waste, crop
residues, agricultural waste, corn
stover, straws and grasses,
construction and demolition materials,
Refuse Derived Fuels,
Municipal Solid Wastes, food waste, shipping pallets, animal manure, tires and many more!
Reduce
your city's solid waste disposal and landfill expenses by at least 30% and generate "pollution free
power" and "carbon free energy" with our turnkey waste to energy
solution, featuring our superior biomass gasification plant! We
can provide a turnkey waste to energy solution for qualified cities - that want
to stop "wasting waste." In
association with the Renewable Energy Institute and our "superior
gasification" technology, we have have developed a win-win solution and
business model that helps cities (and their citizens and taxpayers) and
associated landfills reduce or completely eliminate; Carbon
Emissions, Carbon
Dioxide Emissions and Greenhouse Gas Emissions that are associated with 65% of
the wastes presently being disposed of in landfills. Better still, we can
arrange to sell the green power we generate from these biomass wastes and our biomass gasification
plant back to your city at a preferred price. For
more information and to learn if your city (or landfill) qualifies for our
turnkey waste to energy solution, call (832) 758 - 0027 or send an email to: info@BiomassGasification.com
We also provide; biomass
feasibility, biomass feedstock and biomass engineering
studies. Call (832) 758 - 0027 or send an email to: info@BiomassGasification.com
for more information.
Biomass
Gasification
www.BiomassGasification.com
Greener than
Geothermal, Solar or Wind
Biomass
Gasification is One of the Few Technologies
that Generate "Carbon
Negative Energy" and Pollution Free Power Solutions
that Also Turn "Waste to Energy"
We can provide turnkey Biomass Gasification Solutions for the Following Biomass Waste Streams
Agricultural Waste
Breweries
Coal
C&D - Construction and Demolition Debris/Waste
Corn Stover
Cotton Gin Waste
Cow Manure
Crop Residue
Dairy Manure
DDGS
Distilleries
Ethanol Plants
Food Processing
Food Waste
Forest Residue
Forestry Waste
Glycerin
MSW - Municipal Solid Waste
Petroleum Coke
Railroad Ties
Paper Sludge
Peanut Hulls
Poultry Litter
Refuse Derived Fuel
Rice Husks
Sewage Sludge
Timber
Urban Wood Waste
Waste Coal
Wastewater
Wineries
Wood/Wood waste
Wood Chips
and many more!
_____________________________________________________
April 18, 2009
By: Webmaster
www.CarbonDioxideEmissions.com
www.CarbonEmissions.com
www.GreenhouseGasEmissions.com
WASHINGTON
— In a major reversal of years of government policy regarding Greenhouse
Gas Emissions, the Environmental Protection Agency today proposed regulating
Greenhouse Gas Emissions to
combat and reverse global warming and climate change.
"In
both magnitude and probability, climate change is an enormous problem" said
E.P.A's Administrator Lisa Jackson in their 130 page report on Greenhouse
Gas Emissions.
"This finding confirms that greenhouse gas pollution is a serious problem now and for future generations. Fortunately, it follows [US President Barack H.
Obama's] call for a low-carbon economy and strong leadership in Congress on clean energy and climate legislation.
Greenhouse
Gas Emissions and greenhouse gas pollution problems have a solution, one that will create millions of green jobs and end our country's dependence on foreign
oil," according to Jackson.
Jackson said
this report found that projected levels of Greenhouse
Gas Emissions "endanger the public health and welfare of current and
future generations." The
finding came two years after the Supreme Court ruled the EPA had the authority
to regulate Greenhouse Gas
Emissions under the Clean Air Act.
"Renewable
Energy Technologies such as; Anaerobic
Digesters, Biomethane, Concentrating
Solar Power, Geothermal Power
Plants are "carbon neutral energy" technologies, and generate no
new Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Power generated from Biomass Gasification
power plants, are "carbon negative energy" solutions which actually
remove carbon dioxide emissions
from the atmosphere, according to the Founder and Chairman of the Institute
for Climate Solutions, and the Renewable
Energy Institute's Mont Goodell.
For
more information, see the Greenhouse
Gas Emissions website at: www.GreenhouseGasEmissions.com
____________________________________________________________________________________
INITIAL COGENERATION, TRIGENERATION, BIOGAS PLANT OR BIOMETHANE PLANT, AND BIOMASS GASIFICATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SERVICES:
On a strictly "vendor-neutral" basis, we help client's with their goals, objectives and budget
requirements through our Initial Consultation and Engineering Design and
Economic Analysis Feasibility Study.
Our
Initial
Engineering Design service is the primary instrument most of our clients use to
make a "go - no go" decision regarding specific energy and power projects. In addition, our Initial
Engineering Design service oftentimes helps our clients secure additional
investment capital or otherwise provides project financing.
Our
Initial
Engineering Design service typically includes the following deliverables:
-
Basic
system identified (manufacturer)
-
Plant operations identified
-
Renewable
Energy or Biomass Feedstock analysis
-
Preliminary
Power, Heat & Mass balance determined
-
Determination
of power generation plant (cogeneration, trigeneration, simple-cycle,
combined-cycle, etc.)
-
Basic unit operations defined
-
Biomass
fuel/feedstock rate (per hour)
-
Energy output
(synthesis gas and steam)
-
Biomass
Gasification plant efficiency determined
-
Co/trigeneration
or simple/combined cycle power plant efficiency
-
Preliminary P&ID’s and
ancillary equipment sized
-
Capital
Budget established
-
Operations
and Maintenance Budget determined
-
Synthesis
Gas Clean-up & Purification equipment selected (if required)
-
Flue Gas
Clean-up (if required)
-
Emissions
modeling and analysis
-
Preliminary
Economic Analysis
-
Preliminary
Return on Investment analysis
-
Preliminary P&ID Diagrams
-
Preliminary
environmental analysis
-
Preliminary
utility Interconnect analysis
-
Preliminary
Power Purchase Agreement analysis
-
Preliminary
Greenhouse Gas Emissions credits analysis
-
Preliminary
REC (Renewable Energy Credit) analysis
Our
Detailed Engineering Design service typically includes the following
deliverables:
-
Plant
layout drawings
-
Equipment
selection
-
Final
budget
-
Mechanical
drawings
-
Structural
assembly drawings
-
P&ID Diagrams
-
Final Heat & Mass Balance
-
Electrical and Instrumentation Diagrams
We can also provide
" turn-key" Biomass Gasification services which, in addition to
engineering, also includes; equipment procurement, project construction, project
management and project commissioning services.
Our range of products and services (some
provided by affiliated companies) include:
Renewable
Energy Technologies
Nothing
quite compares with the opportunities in renewable energy
technologies,
and in particular, Biomass
Gasification. No other renewable energy investment compares with the
return on investment than a Biomass
Gasification plant which generates Synthesis
Gas as a green fuel for Clean
Power Generation!
Wind,
solar and geothermal are also renewable energy resources which provide for
Clean Power Generation.
President
Bush and the U.S. government are calling for 20% of our nation's energy to
come from wind energy by 2020. Hundred
of billions of dollars will be invested and made in wind energy - but even
more in Biomass Gasification!
Now
is the time to get in on the ground floor of Biomass
Gasification.
______________________________________________________________
Why
We Need Renewable Energy, NOW!
Mont
Goodell, President of the Renewable Energy Institute, along with the
Renewable Energy Institute's Scientific Advisory Board, which is comprised
of our nation's leading experts, engineers, attorneys, professors and
universities, is calling for our nation and all 50 states to adopt a
Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) of at least 25% by 2025.
According to Mr. Goodell, our nation is at a crossroads and we have been
'over the Middle Eastern barrel of their fossil fuels' long enough. We
must shift from energy dependence to energy independence and place
significant emphasis and investments in our national energy security and
lower greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, we need to implement a
"Feed In Tariff" in lieu of a Renewable Portfolio Standard and
build the 'Transmission Superhighway' or 'Unified National Grid' and
dramatically increase the nation's power supply as well as implement
greater use of 'Energy Conservation Measures' and 'Demand Side Management'
programs. Failure to move in these areas and to do so immediately
increases the risks to our country, our national security and the
climate" according to Mr. Goodell.
One of
the fastest paths to jump-start the renewable energy industry, according
to the Renewable Energy Institute, is through a "Feed In Tariff. A
Feed In Tariff is superior to a Renewable Portfolio Standard,"
according to Mr. Goodell. "Just look at Germany, they adopted a
Feed In Tariff, are further north from the Equator than we are here in the
U.S., and they are placing solar panels on every rooftop and wind turbine
generators throughout their country. They are leading the world in
renewable energy technologies, primarily due to their early adoption of a
Feed In Tariff"
Renewable
energy, and renewable energy only provides significant economic and
environmental dividends, whether this is through a Renewable Portfolio
Standard, or through a Feed-in Tariff, some of the economic and
environmental dividends include:
-
Creation
of more than 3 million new jobs in the U.S..
-
Generate
more than $1 trillion in economic impacts
-
Significant
reductions of oil imports
-
Reduce
energy prices and save consumers as much as $50 billion on their
energy bills
-
Elimination
of billions of pounds of carbon dioxide emissions and other greenhouse
gas emissions
-
Stimulate
rural economies
-
Conserve
natural gas supplies
-
Creates
a clean, safe energy future
-
Position
the US as a world leader in renewable energy technologies
According
to the Energy Information Administration, the total US primary energy
consumption is expected to increase from 100 quadrillion Btu (quads) in
2005 to 131 quads in 2030. However, the renewable electricity generation
remains at 9% while use of coal increases 50 percent in 2030 to 57%.
Ethanol use is expected to increase from 4 billion gallons in 2005 to 14.6
billion gallons in 2030, yet that is only about 8% of total gasoline
consumption.
In
January (2008) the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) blamed the burning
of fossil fuels as a key contributor to global warming and accelerating
climate change. The NCDC warned that the rate of the warming is
accelerating and that the rise in temperatures over the past 9 years is
“unprecedented in the historical record." This was underscored in
February (2008) in the consensus report by the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change that concluded with near certainty that human activity was
the main contributor to global warming.
The
renewable energy industry, single-handedly, provides a powerful argument
and solutions for these problems.
Global warming
and climate change are symptoms of a sick planet and the results of
unrestrained "dumping" of huge amounts of pollution - in the
form of carbon dioxide emissions
and greenhouse gas emissions
into the atmosphere.
The vast
majority of carbon dioxide
emissions and greenhouse gas
emissions comes from "dirty" fossil fuels (coal, oil, and
natural gas) used in making electricity at power plants and dirty fuels
(gasoline and petroleum diesel) that run our internal combustion engines
in our cars, trains, planes, and trucks. Our planet is home to millions
and millions of internal combustion engines that run on dirty fossil fuels
- whether they are fueled with gasoline for running our cars and
lawnmowers or running on diesel fuel in the engines of trucks and ships
like the very large crude carriers that transport the crude oil all around
the world...... every internal combustion engine that is running on dirty
fossil fuels is dumping millions and millions of tons of carbon
dioxide emissions and greenhouse
gas emissions into our atmosphere - which is aggravating and
exacerbating our sick planet - and making manmade climate change and
global warming more difficult to resolve through manmade remedies and
solutions.
________________________________________________________________
Why
We Need A "Unified Smart Grid" or
"Transmission Superhighway," NOW!
According to
Mont Goodell, President of the Renewable Energy Institute, "our
country desperately needs to upgrade its' national electric grid.
The grid of today is a relic from the past, that is inefficient and
costly. Originally built in the 1930's, it is costing our nation
approximately $120 billion every year due to its' outdated and out-lived
existence. The national power grid as designed and built in the
1930's does not have the efficiencies and capabilities to keep pace with
the national power grid's demands of today."
"What we
need" according to Mr. Goodell, is what former Vice President Al Gore
calls a "Unified Smart Grid"
or what we prefer to call a "Transmission
Superhighway."
A Transmission
Superhighway would be buried underground and "wheels"
or transmits the renewable power ("green electricity")
from the wind farms of the midwest, and solar farms of the southwest, and
geothermal farms of the west, to load centers throughout every corner of
the U.S."
According to many estimates, the "Unified Smart Grid" or
"Transmission Superhighway" could be built for about $400
billion. Through its' increased efficiencies, savings and
reliability improvements that it will provide, the nation's new
"unified smart grid" will be paid in full, in less than 4 years.
_____________________________________________________
2-Bladed
Wind Turbines
Versus
3-Bladed Wind Turbines
Why Out-dated, Inefficient 2-Bladed Wind Turbines Are Still "Extinct"
and Why We Do Not Consider 2-Bladed Wind Turbines
3-Bladed Wind Turbine Generators are Far Superior and More Efficient
than 2-Bladed Wind Turbines
The
argument has been settled and the debate is over.
Today's
"modern" 3-bladed wind turbines represent the latest technological
improvements in wind turbine generators, and are superior to the 20-30 year old
technology that 2-bladed wind turbines represent.
First
of all, it is important to remember that 2-bladed wind turbines may generate
only about 90% of the power of a 3-bladed wind turbine of comparable size.
While a 2-bladed wind turbine saves the weight of one extra blade when compared
with a 3-bladed wind turbine, engineers of the most efficient wind turbines have
determined that the extra blade used on 3 bladed wind turbines provide the
optimum wind turbine efficiency and wind turbine design for the
"ideal" wind turbine generators of today.
Secondly,
the top-3 leading wind turbine manufacturers have standardized on the 3-bladed
wind turbine. They do not manufacture any 2-bladed wind turbines.
Plainly stated, a wind turbine with an even number of blades (2 blades or 4
blades) are NOT of optimum design or efficiency. In fact, this debate was
settled years ago when the wind turbine engineers and designers began building
wind turbines over 600 kW in power output.
The
leading wind turbine manufacturers and their engineers have decided that 3
bladed wind turbines are the optimum number of wind turbine blades due to the
stability of the wind turbine as well as the significant wind loads and stresses
placed on a 2-bladed wind turbine. A wind turbine that has an odd number
of blades is similar to a disc when calculating the computational fluid dynamics
of the wind turbine. Engineers have learned that wind turbines that have
an even number of blades - such as the 2 bladed wind turbines of the past - have
stability problems for a machine with a stiff structure. The reason for this
problem is simple, engineers recognized that when a 2-bladed wind turbine's top
blade bends backwards - when the wind turbine's 2 blades are in the vertical
position - since it is now generating the maximum power from the wind - that the
lower or bottom blade is now aligned with the tower and the blade is hidden or
blocked from the wind - and this generates a huge amount of stress and loads on
the wind turbine and its' primary components such as the bearings, shaft,
transmission etc.
Because
of the extreme wind loads and stresses placed on 2-bladed wind turbines, the
remaining 2-bladed wind turbine manufacturers have had to resort to a
"teetered hub" that helps remove some of the stress and loads placed
on 2-bladed wind turbines. While there are some very fine 2-bladed wind
turbines, of smaller power output, the bottom line is, 3 bladed wind turbines
are inherently better and more efficient than 2-bladed wind turbines.
For
these reasons, community wind farm owners and developers, along with
utility-scale wind farm owners and developers, would be wise to only consider
3-bladed wind turbines.
Wind
Power Generation vs. Traditional Power Generation
Power
generated from clean, green wind energy avoids numerous negative effects of
traditional electricity generation from fossil fuels:
• Emissions of mercury or other heavy metals into the air
• Emissions associated with extracting and transporting fuels
• Lake and streambed acidification from acid rain or mining
• Water consumption associated with mining or electricity generation
• Production of toxic solid wastes, ash, or slurry
• Greenhouse Gas Emissions
The benefits of wind power generation go on - including the leading
role wind energy provides in reducing Carbon Dioxide Emissions into the
atmosphere - the leading cause of climate change and global
warming.
Today,
Carbon Dioxide Emissions in the United States approaches 6 billion metric tons/year.
39% of
these
Carbon Dioxide Emissions are produced when electricity is generated from fossil fuels.
If the United States obtained 20% of its electricity from wind energy, the country could avoid putting 825 million metric tons of CO2 annually into the atmosphere by 2030, or a cumulative total of 7,600 million metric tons by 2030.
A relatively straightforward metric used to understand the carbon benefits of wind energy is that a single 1.5 MW wind turbine displaces 2,700 metric tons of CO2 per year compared with the current U.S. average utility fuel mix, or the equivalent of planting 4 square kilometers of forest every year
according to AWEA 2007.
What
is a Wind Resource
Assessment?
A Wind Resource Assessment is defined as the process of characterizing the wind resources,
wind characteristics and the
site's wind energy potential for
that specific site or geographical area.
NOTE:
FOR QUALIFIED LAND/RANCH OWNERS, WITH PROPERTY LOCATED IN AREAS WE ARE
DEVELOPING NEW WIND FARMS, WE CAN PERFORM THE WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT.

All markets for wind turbines require an estimate of how much wind energy is
available at potential development sites. Correct estimation of the energy
available in the wind can make or break the economics of wind farm
development. Wind maps developed in the late '70s and early '80s provided
reasonable estimates of areas in which good wind resources could be found. But
new tools and new data available from satellites and new sensing devices now
allow researchers to create even more accurate and detailed wind maps of the
world.
Wind mapping techniques developed by
the National Renewable Energy Lab ("NREL") and U.S. companies are being used to produce high-resolution projections
of U.S. and foreign regions that are painting a whole new picture of wind
potential. These maps are created using highly accurate GPS mapping tools and
a vast array of satellite, weather balloon, and meteorological tower data,
combined with much-improved numerical computer models. The higher horizontal
resolution of these maps (1 km or finer) allows for more accurate wind turbine
siting and has also led to the recognition of higher-class winds in
areas where none were thought to exist.
The ability to accurately predict when
the wind will blow will help remove barriers to wind energy development by
allowing wind-power-generating facilities to commit to power purchases in
advance. NREL researchers work with federal, state, and private organizations
to validate the nation's wind resources and support advances in wind
forecasting techniques and dissemination. Wind resource validation is
important for both wind resource assessment and the integration of wind farms
into an energy grid. Validating new, high-resolution wind resource maps will
provide an accurate reading of the wind resource at a particular site.
Development of short-term (1 to 4 hours) forecasting tools will help energy
producers proceed with new wind farm projects and avoid the penalties they
must pay if they do not meet their hourly generation targets. In addition,
validating new high-resolution wind resource maps will give people interested
in developing wind energy projects greater confidence as to the level of wind
resource for a particular site.
With energy
prices very volatile, and recently ranging from $45 to almost $150/bbl for oil and
$6.00 to over $18/mmbtu for natural gas
- and with many parts of the U.S. and
around the world paying more than $0.18/kWh for electricity, there
simply has never been a better time to be in the energy industry,
providing renewable energy and renewable fuel solutions!
We
have answers and solutions for these high power and energy prices that
include "Carbon Free Energy"
and "Pollution Free Power"
technologies. These technologies are; carbon-neutral,
environmentally-friendly, sustainable and now, more affordable to operate
than coal-fired power plants.
Carbon
Dioxide Emissions Since the Year 1750
The carbon clock tracks total Carbon
Dioxide Emissions in metric tons since 1750.
Since 1750, humans have produced over 5 trillion pounds of Carbon
Dioxide Emissions into the atmosphere.
Roughly half of these Carbon
Dioxide Emissions have ended up in the oceans where it is beginning to damage the coral reefs. The other half is still in the atmosphere and causing global warming.
Each pound of Carbon Dioxide ("CO2") takes up as much space as a 500 pound
person.
The formula (which should be good for a year or two) is:
C(t) = 2.58 ×1012 + 1240×t, where t is seconds since the start of 2007.
C is tonnes (metric tons) of Carbon
Dioxide Emissions.
2205 x C gives pounds of Carbon
Dioxide Emissions.
That comes to over 43 billion tons/year or over 86 trillion pounds/year.
Carbon dioxide is made up from 1 carbon atom with 2 oxygen atoms, or
simply, "CO2."
Carbon has relative weight 12 and Oxygen 16. Therefore, it takes only 12 pounds of carbon to make 12+16+16 = 44 pounds of
Carbon Dioxide (CO2).
According
to R. James Woolsey, for Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, "The basic
insight is to realize that global warming, the geopolitics of oil, and warfare in the Persian Gulf are not separate problems --- they are aspects of a single problem, the West's dependence on oil."
According
to a report by the United Nations:
"It
is estimated that Greenhouse
Gas Emissions
trading markets could be worth $2 Trillion by
2012."
Click on following link to see the complete
article.
http://www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.asp?DocumentID=433&ArticleID=4792&l=en
More Information At:
www.GreenhouseGasEmissions.com
for more information
The Future is "Carbon
Free Energy" and
"Pollution Free Power"
- according to the
Renewable Energy Institute
The
Renewable Energy
Institute has determined "carbon free energy" and "pollution free
power" are the best possible solutions for the many economic, environmental and
political/geo-political and societal problems caused by fossil fuels.
The
Renewable Energy
Institute is made up of the brightest minds, professors,
climatologists, engineers, politicians and universities. Their
"crystal ball" sees "renewable energy" and
"renewable energy technologies" as the best path forward for
providing the energy the world needs. And it's no longer any energy that
will do - the future is for energy that is clean, sustainable, renewable,
and "Carbon
Free Energy" and "Pollution
Free Power."
According
to Mont Goodell, Founder, Chairman and President of the Renewable
Energy Institute, "we must become less dependent on unstable, foreign oil
and energy supplies and reduce our 'addiction' to fossil fuels so that we can become
energy independent - so that we will not be held hostage by counties with large
supplies of fossil fuels such as Iran, Venezuela or Russia, countries that
we cannot rely on as our allies or friends."
Continuing,
Mr. Goodell adds, "Since
energy and power are the lifeblood of our economy - and we need to
'transition' away from the use of all fossil fuels, and ultimately
discontinue the use of fossil fuels so that we can stop and reverse the pollution from
Carbon Dioxide Emissions
and Greenhouse Gas
Emissions. So, this begs the question, 'how do we provide for
the energy and power that we need that keeps our economy healthy'? The
answer and the future is quite simply, 'renewable
energy and renewable
energy technologies.'"
Renewable energy includes;
B100
Biodiesel, Biomass / Biomass
Gasification, Biomethane, E100
Ethanol, Geothermal, Solar,
Waste to
Energy (including Waste to Fuel and Waste to
Watts) and Wind. These
renewable energy technologies produce "carbon free energy" and
"pollution free power." This will reverse the problems
caused by fossil fuels which include global warming and climate
change. Renewable energy technologies will improve our country's energy security,
economy and reduce the trade deficit.
======================================================================
Cut the Cord!
to "dirty," inefficient & EXPENSIVE
electricity generated by your electric utility
www.CutTheCord.net
Generate your own
"Carbon Free Energy"
and "Pollution Free Power" with Our Solar
Cogeneration™ or Solar Trigeneration™
Grid Free Energy™ System
You can
now enjoy the numerous benefits of generating your own
"Carbon Free Energy" and "Pollution Free Power"
at your home or business.... without generating any:
Carbon Emissions
Carbon Dioxide Emissions, or
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Imagine your electric bills slashed by 50%, 75% or even 100%!
Imagine, no more blackouts, rolling blackouts, or power interruptions due to
hurricane, earthquake or other disaster!
Yes, we can even install our Grid
Free Energy™ System
so that it takes you off the electric grid completely!
For
more information on how we can help you buy/install your own Solar Cogeneration™ or Solar Trigeneration™
Grid Free Energy™ System
_________________________________________
Biomethane:
the
Planet's Most Environmentally-friendly,
Economic & Best All-around Renewable Fuel?
As
Biomethane is a near perfect fuel, and since
Biomethane represents the best of all
biofuels in terms of Recycling Carbon, and has the highest Net
Energy Balance, and as Biomethane technologies such as Anaerobic Digesters
and Biomass Gasification development
increases and becomes even more commonplace, one of the fundamental questions is: what is the size of the potential biomass resource supply in the U.S.?
In April 2005, the DOE and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) co-published a report assessing the potential of the land resources in the U.S. for producing sustainable biomass: Biomass as Feedstock for a Bioenergy and Bioproducts Industry: The Technical Feasibility of a Billion-Ton Annual Supply. Looking at forestland and agricultural land, the two largest potential biomass sources, this study estimates that the U.S. can sustainably produce up to 1.3 billion tons of biomass
feedstock by mid-century. This would be enough feedstock to produce 60 billion gallons of
B100
Biodiesel and E100 Ethanol
with today's technologies.
This
study doesn't address the opportunities for Biomethane
production from biomass feedstock or Biomass
Gasification
technologies. Some recent estimates
indicate that Biomethane
could replace up to 50% of present
natural gas consumption in the U.S. and in some countries, such as
Iceland, Biomethane
already provides 100% of the natural gas
requirements.
There are many assumptions in the
Billion Ton Study report that impact these estimates, but we believe the estimates reasonably reflect the potential availability and impact of biomass resources.
Of the total estimated resource, the study suggests that forestlands in the contiguous United States can produce approximately 368 million dry tons annually. This projection includes 52 million dry tons of fuelwood harvested from forests and woodlands, 145 million dry tons of residues from wood processing mills and pulp and paper mills, 47 million dry tons of urban wood residues including construction and demolition debris, 64 million dry tons of residues from logging and site clearing operations, and 60 million dry tons of biomass from fuel treatment operations.
Biomass
to Biofuels By "converting" biomass
wastes – such as municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, crop residues, energy crops, and manure –
into biofuels, this will resolve the energy, environmental and political
problems in an economical and environmentally sound manner - that will
produce over one million new jobs.
According
to Jeff Seisler, Director of the European Natural Gas Vehicle Association,
"Biomethane
has an outstanding potential as a
multifaceted solution to multifaceted social problems: urban and
agricultural waste management, water purification, and clean air. Urban
and agricultural waste can be processed into usable methane, as can the
sewage during the water purification process. Cleaning and compressing the
gas for use in vehicles then provides cleaner air than petroleum-consuming
vehicles."
Continuing, Mr. Seisler states about Biomethane;
"this environmental 'closed loop waste-to-energy-to-fuel used in
vehicles that again truck the next load of waste to the energy processing
plants-substitutes fossil fuels with a renewable resource and reduces
greenhouse gases 100% as compared to over gasoline vehicles (on a
well-to-wheel basis).
According
to Peter Boisen Chairman, of ENGVA, "various well respected European
research institutes now estimate more than three times better fuel output
per hectare of land used than if going for ethanol or biodiesel. Sweden
currently has a 51%
share, and Switzerland 37%. France,
Norway, Germany and Austria use smaller amounts for vehicles. Iceland,
completely without natural gas, uses 100% biomethane in its NGVs,"
Boisen says. Continuing, Boisen adds, "China, India, Korea, the
Ukraine, Spain and Italy are other examples of countries now starting up
projects where
will be used as a vehicle fuel."
"With the energy efficiency of the gas production process at 50% to
70% it's hard to think of a more socially acceptable and economic energy
value for the transportation sector," Boisen says.
"Governments need to get out of their liquid fuel paradigm to refocus
and balance their policies and communications to support the development
of a
infrastructure. In Europe
has the potential to replace 20% of the
petroleum consumed in the transport sector by 2030."
____________________________________________________________
Biomethane
- Best Renewable Fuel?
Anaerobic Digesters
- Best
Renewable Energy Technology?
BIOMETHANE FACTS
1.
Biomethane is One of the Most Common and
Harmful of All Greenhouse
Gas Emissions.
2. Biomethane is 21 Times More Harmful
to the Climate than Carbon
Dioxide Emissions. Stated another way, Biomethane
Causes Global Warming and Climate Change to
Increase 21 Times Faster than Carbon
Dioxide Emissions.
3. Biomethane Is A "Renewable
Natural Gas."
4. Biomethane is One of the Easiest and
Most Profitable of all Greenhouse
Gas Emissions to Recover and Control.
California and Sweden Sign Agreement
to Jointly Develop
Biomethane
and Other Renewable Fuels
Thursday, 29 June 2006
Sacramento, California USA and Sweden
In a ceremony held at the Ministry of the Environment in Stockholm, representatives of the Kingdom of Sweden and the State of California signed an agreement pledging the two governments and their related industries to work together to develop
bioenergy, with a particular emphasis on Biomethane.
“Through a strong working relationship between its industry and government, Sweden is showing how bioenergy can be developed in a cost-effective manner that benefits its economy and environment. We are extremely pleased to have signed this Memorandum of Understanding
(MOU) that will provide a basis for intensified collaboration between Swedish and California officials to develop a thriving bioenergy industry in California,” said Joe Desmond, Undersecretary for the California Resources Agency.
In particular, Sweden has been a global leader in terms of converting
biowaste, largely agricultural material and residues, into usable Biomethane. This gas is then used to either generate electricity, residential heating, or as a transportation fuel.
More than 8,000 vehicles in Sweden are powered by a combination of natural gas and
Biomethane. The vehicles include transit buses, refuse trucks, and more than 10 different models of passenger cars. There are more than 25
Biomethane production facilities in Sweden and 65 filling stations. The Swedish
Biomethane industry has been growing at an annual rate of about 20 percent over the last five years.
According to the Swedish Gas Association, more than 50 percent of the methane used to power Sweden’s natural gas vehicles now comes from biological sources, up from 45% last year. Natural gas vehicle sales in Sweden are increasing at the rate of 25% per annum.
Sweden was motivated to develop its Biomethane industry because it has no natural gas reserves, to more efficiently manage its waste, and to meet its obligations under the Kyoto Accord. Since
Biomethane is developed from methane sources that would normally release into the atmosphere, it’s considered one of the most climate friendly fuels. Methane
(and Biomethane) is 21 times more reactive as a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide (CO2). Sweden is currently meetings its objectives and schedule as outlined in the Kyoto accord.
Biomethane is developed by heating up and breaking down biomaterials in an
(Anaerobic Digester) digester. Among other raw materials, Swedish operators feed their
Anaerobic Digesters with slaughterhouse waste, swine manure, and even grassy crops. After the materials breakdown over a 20 day period, technology is then used to remove the impurities and produce
Biomethane. Once cleaned-up, Biomethane is 98 percent methane and easily meets the Swedish and California pipeline standards.
The Memorandum of Understanding can be accessed on the California Resources Agency Web site:
http://resources.ca.gov/press_documents/CaliforniaSwedenBiofuelsMOU.pdf
Through the Renewable
Energy Institute, we have designed the "world's best Anaerobic
Digesters" and are now seeking a manufacturer/partner with tank
building experience to begin building our Anaerobic Digesters and
installing them in Biogas Plants. Call (832) 758 - 0027 for more
information.
Anaerobic
Digesters recover valuable and toxic Biomethane from
organic materials and prevents the Biomethane -
which has a Global Warming
Potential that is 21 times more harmful to our climate than Carbon
Dioxide Emissions - from entering the atmosphere.
Biomethane,
which we also
refer to as "Renewable
Natural Gas" is used as a renewable fuel for our cogeneration
and trigeneration power plants.
Alternatively, we may sell the Biomethane to
a customer and transport it to them from our Anaerobic
Digesters via natural gas pipelines.
We believe Anaerobic
Digesters and Biomethane represent
exciting opportunities for generating renewable
natural gas and profits - for multiple reasons:
1.
Anaerobic
Digesters take an existing liability and waste (Biomethane)
and convert it into an asset and " profit generator."
2.
Anaerobic
Digesters mitigate and reverse climate change and global warming by preventing Biomethane
to escape into the atmosphere, which is one of the major causes of climate
change and global
warming.
Of all Greenhouse
Gas Emissions, Biomethane is 21 times
more harmful to the environment than Carbon
Dioxide Emissions.
3.
Anaerobic
Digesters are vital for renewable energy production and helping our
country's drive for energy independence.
4.
EVERY wastewater treatment plant as well as ALL Concentrated
Animal Feeding Operations (CAFO's) - IN EVERY COUNTRY - will soon be installing Anaerobic
Digesters to prevent Biomethane from
entering the atmosphere and help reverse climate change as well as for use
as a renewable fuel.
5.
The country of Sweden is the global leader in Biomethane
production. Sweden has identified the Biomethane
opportunities and is converting biowaste derived from agricultural material and residues into usable
Biomethane. The Biomethane is used to generate
clean, renewable electricity, residential heating, and also as a transportation fuel. Biomass sources make up 45% of Sweden’s
Biomethane. Sweden's Biomethane industry has been growing at an annual rate of around 20% over the last five years.
Biomethane powers more than 8,000 transit buses, garbage trucks, and 10 different models of passenger cars in Sweden.
Sweden now has more than 25 Biomethane production facilities and 65 filling stations.
The country believes that since Biomethane is developed from
natural, organic sources that would have been released into the atmosphere,
that Biomethane is considered one of the most climate-friendly fuels.
Biomethane is 98% methane and easily meets the Swedish and California pipeline standards.
The Bright Future for Renewable Energy in the
USA
Biomass
According to the Biomass Coordinating Council (BCC) and the US Combined Heat and Power Association
(USCHPA) biomass promises to play an important role in America's renewable
energy future and American Energy Independence. Biomass is expected
to grow by at least 10 times the present installed base of 10GW of biomass
power.” This means that we will have 100GW of new biomass-fired distributed generation by 2025.
The National Biodiesel Board is
expecting that US production of B100 Biodiesel will double from 75 million gallons produced
in 2006 to over 150 million gallons of B100 Biodiesel in 2007. More than 70 new biodiesel production plants will come online in addition to the 105 currently operating.
The Renewable Fuels Association (RFA) expects continued growth in grain-based ethanol
and will reach 14-15 billion gallons by 2025. The President’s objective
is for the US to produce 35 billion gallons of alternative fuels by 2017.
This is nearly a 500% increase over the previous mandate to produce 7.5 billion gallons of ethanol by 2012.
Geothermal
Geothermal energy is the heat that is tapped within the Earth.
Today, more than 25 states use geothermal energy for power generation or direct use
purposes totaling more than 2,800 MW.
The Geothermal Energy Association
(GEA) states that there are now 58 new geothermal energy projects are under development in the
US. This will generate an additional 2,250 MW of electric power capacity and 18 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity annually when completed. The GEA says that new discoveries at identified sites could produce approximately
15,000 MW by 2025 and it estimates that geothermal energy could supply as many
98,400 MW by 2025.
The GEA states that domestic resources of geothermal energy “are
equivalent to a 30,000-year energy supply at our current rate of consumption for the United States”.
Hydropower
Hydropower currently supplies almost 10 percent of US electric power and 85 percent of the country’s renewable energy capacity. The
Department of Energy (DOE) states that hydropower could double its current contribution of more than
78,000 MW by improving existing projects and installing generators at dams that now do not have them. There are 80,000 dams in the country, but only three percent are used to generate electricity.
The National Hydropower Association reports that more than 23,000 MW of identified potential can be developed immediately without
building new dams.
The earth's oceans cover nearly 75% of the planet’s surface and are the world’s largest solar collectors. This
alone makes the ocean's the largest storage of potential energy on earth. Ocean energy
in the form of ocean tidal, current and ocean thermal energy conversion
has the potential to supply most of the nation’s electricity demands according to the NHA and the Ocean Energy Council
(OEC). The Department of Energy states that ocean thermal energy conversion alone “could produce twenty million kilowatts… an amount
that is nearly four times the US energy demand!"
Solar
The Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA) states that the solar
industry experienced "record growth in 2006 due to increased customer and utility demand.” There was expansion in all areas – photovoltaics (PV), concentrating solar power and solar thermal – all from rising prices of conventional energy, as well as increased federal and state support. R&D has also greatly reduced the cost of solar PV electricity from several dollars per kilowatt-hour to less than 25 cents. The national Renewable Energy Laboratory projects that through better manufacturing techniques, higher PV efficiencies and new solar nanomaterials, the Department of Energy labs and their industry partners will bring the cost down to no more than six cents per kilowatt-hour by 2025.
Wind
The American Wind Energy Association (AWEA) states that wind power
generation capacity increased by 27 percent in 2006 and increased by another 26 percent in 2007. The industry installed more than
2.400 MW of new generating capacity last year, an investment of about $4 billion.
For the second year in a row, wind
energy represents the largest source of new, renewable energy power generation in the
U.S.
At present, installed wind energy facilities will
generate an estimated 31 billion kilowatt-hours annually – enough power to serve
nearly 3 million. Even more significant, the cost to generate wind power
has dropped from 40 cents per kilowatt-hour in 1981 to less than six
cents/kWh.
The challenge for wind energy and
all new power generated from remote locations, is getting the clean power
to market. The "weak-link" so to speak, is the
transmission & distribution system. The REI is calling for a
"Transmission Superhighway" initiative to rebuild our nation's
electric grid.
____________________________________________________
Sewage Sludge
www.SewageSludge.com
We Turn Your City or County's Sewage Sludge Problems into Profits and Green
Energy With Our Patented Technology!
Biomethane
Technologies provides solutions for your Sewage Sludge problems and other
organic waste streams with one or more of the following: Anaerobic
Digester, Anaerobic Lagoon, Biogas
Recovery, BioMethane, Biomass
Gasification, Biosolids to Energy,
Landfill Gas To Energy and Sewage
Sludge "problems into profits" project development services.
Biomethane Technologies provides the following power and
energy project development services:
-
Project
Engineering Feasibility & Economic Analysis Studies
-
Engineering,
Procurement and Construction
-
Environmental
Engineering & Permitting
-
Project
Funding & Financing Options; including Equity Investment, Debt
Financing, Lease and Municipal Lease
-
Shared/Guaranteed
Savings Program with No Capital Investment from Qualified Clients
-
Project
Commissioning
-
3rd
Party Ownership and Project Development
-
Long-term
Service Agreements
-
Operations
& Maintenance
-
Green
Tag (Renewable Energy Credit, Carbon Dioxide Credits, Emission
Reduction Credits) Brokerage Services; Application and Permitting
Biomethane
Technologies is a privately-held company that was founded by several of
the board members at the Renewable Energy Institute.
Biomethane
Technologies is focused on generating Biomethane from multiple waste
streams and renewable energy technologies such as Anaerobic Digesters,
Biogas Plants, Sewage Sludge and Landfill Gas to Energy projects.
Your
company should consider hiring us if you are considering Anaerobic
Digesters, Biogas Plants, Biomethane production or solutions for your
Sewage Sludge Problems at your facility as we are:
-
vendor
neutral in terms of equipment selection.
-
our
lead engineer has over 27 years experience in Anaerobic Digesters,
Anaerobic Digester design and repairing other companies Anaerobic
Digesters - and also biomethane optimization.
-
We
know Anaerobic Digesters, Biogas Plants, Biogas-to-Biomethane,
Biomethane Optimization, Cogeneration and Trigeneration power plants.
-
Our
knowledge and expertise will insure maximum Biomethane production at
your facility.
-
Our
professionals can provide the turnkey solutions your facility needs,
including; design, engineering, finance, legal, operations,
maintenance and service/repairs of existing anaerobic digesters.
Is
your city or community looking for alternatives and options regarding your
Sewage Sludge ?
We
can help!
Sewage
Sludge Solutions - Initial Consultation and Review
We
provide an initial consultation and review for new clients interested in
Sewage Sludge alternatives and converting your Sewage Sludge problems into
profits and green energy!
Drill
Baby Drill
www.DrillBabyDrill.com
America Needs America's
Oil
www.AmericaNeedsAmericasOil.com
Anything
But Foreign Oil
www.AnythingButForeignOil.com
Enhanced
Oil Recovery
www.EnhancedOilRecovery.com
BOYCOTT DIRTY
OIL FROM:
OPEC, MIDDLE EAST, VENEZUELA
& ALL FOREIGN OIL
AND SUPPORT
American-made Wind Power

for
Energy Independence &
a Cleaner, Greener, Environment,
Brighter Future,
and American Jobs!
Enhanced Oil
Recovery
www.EnhancedOilRecovery.com
The "Green"
Way to
Produce America's Oil &
Provide for America's Energy Security
EOR
Technologies provides Enhanced Oil Recovery; technologies,
engineering, consulting services and a significant opportunity for oil and
natural gas well owners and operators to significantly increase their oil
production and revenues through our range of EOR technologies and
services.
In
the U.S., Enhanced Oil
Recovery represents a $24 Trillion market opportunity according to the U.S. The
Department of Energy. The $24 Trillion figure is based on oil at
$100/bbl. The DOE's studies and reports indicate we can recover 240 billion barrels of
oil through Enhanced Oil Recovery.
Enhanced Oil Recovery also has the
environmental benefits of removing Carbon Dioxide from the atmosphere and
sequesters the CO2 in oil & gas reservoirs. Through CO2
Injection, the "stranded oil and gas" that would not have
otherwise been recovered, is produced, leaving behind the Carbon Dioxide.
All
EcoGeneration Solutions, LLC. companies are committed to reducing and eliminating greenhouse gas emissions and
carbon dioxide emissions
through our sustainable
power and energy operations.
In association with
the Renewable Energy
Institute, affiliate companies
and investors, we provide "turnkey" Renewable Energy Project development
services that range from initial Engineering Feasibility & Economic
Analysis Studies through "turnkey" project development,
including construction/installation, start-up and commissioning,
Operations & Maintenance, and Long Term Service Agreements for the lifetime of
our power plants and energy systems.
Our renewable energy projects generate clean power and energy
through "Carbon Free Energy" and
"Pollution Free Power"
technologies we are specialists in that include: Anaerobic
Digesters, B100 Biodiesel, Biogas
Plants, Biomass
and Biomass
Gasification, Biomethane, Cogeneration
Plants, Geothermal, Hydrogen, Plasma
Gasification, Renewable
Energy Centers, Solar,
Trigeneration plants and Wind.
Along With Our Joint Venture Partners, We Are Interested in Making Acquisitions in Upstream and Midstream Oil
and Natural Gas Properties, including:
Barnett Shale Natural Gas
Devonian
Black Shale
Enhanced
Gas Recovery
Enhanced
Oil Recovery
Gas Compression
Gas
Compressors
Gas
Gathering
Gas
Processing
Marcellus
Black Shale
Natural
Gas Liquids
Natural Gas Plays
Natural
Gas Storage
Oil
and Gas Drilling Rigs
Oil
and Gas Plays
Oil
and Natural Gas
Oil
and Natural Gas Development
Oil and Natural Gas Investments
Oil
and Natural Gas Leases
Oil and
Natural Gas Properties
Oil and Natural Gas Production
Oil and Natural Gas Resources
Rental
Compression
Stranded
Gas
Stranded
Oil
Stranded
Oil and Gas
Our company
along with our joint venture partners are making investments and acquisitions
in the above-referenced areas. Properties must be located in the continental U.S. or Canada.
The
investment capital our joint-venture partners have is liquid (cash) and the
amounts are significant. Their investment capital comes from previous success in
their Oil and Natural Gas Investments Our joint-venture partners know and understand oil and natural
gas investments and are seeking to make investments in
the above-referenced areas with a specific preference for vertical
integration within the natural gas business as well as acquisitions of oil
and natural gas leases in mature, depleted oil fields.
More
about us and our interests and Oil and Natural Gas Properties/Leases:
We are
an independent energy company engaged in the business of oil and natural gas exploration and
production. This
will be accomplished primarily through a new drilling program as
well as the acquisition of producing oil and natural gas leases and our ownership of perpetual mineral interests. Other companies
may operate most of the
oil and natural gas wells from which we will receive revenues. We have no control over the
"outside" conditions and forces that determine our royalties or working interest
revenues.
Our business model and operational strategy is focused on targeting opportunities that are of lower risk
- such as the Barnett Shale Play - which provides us with the potential for stable cash flow and long asset life while keeping
our operating costs low. We also have an interest in making acquisitions
of oil and gas production in the Permian Basin - where we can deploy our
Enhanced Oil Recovery technologies at depleted oil fields. As a new
company, we have no short-term or long-term debt outstanding.
We are presently
engaged in:
* Evaluating and acquiring producing oil and natural gas leases in the
domestic
U.S.
* Evaluating and acquiring oil and natural gas properties in depleted oil
fields
as candidates for Enhanced Oil Recovery.
* Forming strategic partnerships with other industry participants and
joint venture
partners.
For
more information on the above, please call: (832) 758 - 0027
Depleted Oil Fields?
Oil & Gas Production and Revenues
on the Decline?
Are
your oil and gas revenues declining along with revenues due to reservoir production decline or other
well problems?
We
may be interested in buying your existing oil and gas production lease as
we now have investors interested in these acquisitions as well as
purchasing depleted oil fields. Alternatively, we may also be interested
in a joint-venture with existing producers.
Would
you like a proven, little-to-no-cost solution that will significantly
increase your well's oil and gas production?
EOR
Technologies represents several technologies that can increase your oil
& gas production by 30% to 50%!
We
also offer a "guaranteed" joint-venture program for qualified
oil and natural gas properties, wherein we will cover all the investment
and costs of increasing your oil production, at little to no out-of-pocket
expenses. (Must have current reservoir engineering study and production
history.)
And, we can recover "Stranded Oil and Gas" that would have
otherwise been stranded and left behind!
For a free, no-cost evaluation about your oil & gas production and how
we may be able to increase your production and revenues,
call EOR Technologies at: (832) 758 - 0027
"Enhanced Oil Recovery"
www.EnhancedOilRecovery.com
According to the Department of
Energy,
"Enhanced Oil Recovery"
has the potential to recover over 400 Billion barrels of oil
and represents a $40 Trillion market
opportunity in the U.S.
Enhanced Oil Recovery will help the U.S. produce another
240 Billion barrels of oil.
@ $100.00/barrel, that equals $24,000,000,000,000.00
That's $24 Trillion dollars! - or another way to look at it.....
24 One-thousand Billion dollars!
EOR
Technologies, LLC.
Enhanced Oil Recovery
www.EnhancedOilRecovery.com
Which
will feature our new company's
Enhanced Oil Recovery Technologies, Engineering,
and Consulting Services
The clean-burning properties of
Biomethane ("Renewable
Natural Gas") make it
one of the preferred fuels for "clean power
generation."
Natural gas consumption
(in the United States) for the power generation sector is projected to increase from 5.0 trillion cubic feet in 2003 to 9.4 trillion cubic feet in 2025.
This
means there is a significant market opportunity for gas compressors and
for providing gas compression services as well as gas gathering, gas
compression, gas transmission and gas storage.

What is B100 Biodiesel?
B100 Biodiesel - also referred to as
"Neat Biodiesel," is a renewable fuel for diesel engines
and turbines that is made from natural oils (either virgin oil or
recycled/waste vegetable oil).
B100
Biodiesel
can be used in its' pure, 100% Biodiesel (B100
Biodiesel) form or mixed at any concentration with petroleum diesel
for us in existing diesel engines or turbines with little or no modification.
B100
Biodiesel has the following benefits:
-
Biodiesel is
very easy to use. B100 Biodiesel can be blended with
petrleum-diesel at any time in your fuel tank. In post-1994 vehicles no conversion of the vehicle is required. Older ones may have rubber fuel lines and/or seals in the fuel system.
B100 Biodiesel will gradually swell rubber and degrade it. Viton is
resistant to B100 Biodiesel and you
may need to replace your fuel lines/seals with it.
-
B100
Biodiesel
has up to 95% fewer emissions. Greenhouse
Gas Emissions, nitrogen
oxides, particulate
matter, and carcinogens are all greatly reduced.
-
B100
Biodiesel is
both renewable and sustainable as it is made from vegetable oil,
animal fats (i.e. poultry fat or beef tallow) virgin vegetable oils or
recycled/waste vegetable oils.
-
B100
Biodiesel
is non-hazardous and is less toxic than sugar!
There are no governmental requirements or regulations to call out
HAZMAT should there be a spill of B100 Biodiesel.
-
Regarding
the sustainability of B100
Biodiesel -
in a recent cradle-to-grave life-cycle analysis, B100
Biodiesel
came out very positive in a "Net Energy Balance study. One study found that
B100
Biodiesel yields 3.2 units of fuel-product energy
"output" for every unit of fossil energy consumed
("input") in its life cycle. The only biofuel that exceeds
the Net Energy Balance of B100
Biodiesel at 3.2 to1 is Biomethane,
which comes in at 7.7 to 1 in a Net Energy balance analysis.
-
To
produce one unit of "dirty diesel" fuel requires 1.2 units of fossil resources.
-
B100
Biodiesel is produced locally, helps farmers and creates American
jobs. Best of all, B100 Biodiesel
helps our country become energy
independent and ends our dependence on dirty oil from middle eastern
counties and OPEC.
What
is "Renewable Energy?"
"Renewable
Energy is defined as any energy resource that is naturally regenerated over a short time scale and derived directly from the sun (such as thermal, photochemical, and photoelectric), indirectly from the sun (such as wind, hydropower, and photosynthetic energy stored in biomass), or from other natural movements and mechanisms of the environment (such as geothermal and tidal energy). Renewable energy does
not include energy resources derived from fossil fuels, waste products from fossil sources, or waste products from inorganic sources."
Our
present line of Biodiesel
Refineries are the results of over five years research and development
and collaboration with the leading Biodiesel companies from six countries
where B100
Biodiesel has been very successful in replacing petroleum diesel.
Each time we use a new feedstock to produce
a new B100
Biodiesel (i.e. Crude Palm Oil for
producing Palm Oil Biodiesel, or Crude
Coconut Oil for producing Coconut
Biodiesel or Crude Jatropha Oil
for making Jatropha Biodiesel, or Crude
Jojoba Oil for producing Jojoba
Biodiesel) we perform emissions testing so that we continue to have a
strategic competitive advantage over all potential
competitors. We
are presently conducting algae to biodiesel research with
our own Photobioreactors.
Call
us for more information at: (832) 758 - 0027 about how
we can design and build a new Biodiesel plant that meets your goals and
objectives.
We
have one biodiesel plant in operation (see pictures below) that produces
70 million
gallons per year of B100 Biodiesel. Some
of the B100 Biodiesel we produce is sent
to the first three (3) B100 Biodiesel fueled powerplants in the US
that generates "green
electricity."
Qualified
clients are invited to tour our 70 million gallon/year biodiesel plant and the western
hemisphere's first B100
Biodiesel fueled powerplants that generate "green
electricity"
We
now have the first three B100
Biodiesel fueled power plants operating in the Western hemisphere.
The first B100
Biodiesel fueled power plant generates 5 MW of "green"
power from (3) Caterpillar diesel gensets. The second B100
Biodiesel fueled power plant generates 5 MW of "green"
power from one Fairbanks Morser diesel genset. The most recent B100
Biodiesel fueled power plant generates 10 MW of green power with a
Frame 5 turbine.
Pictures of our 70 million gallon/year Biodiesel plant below:


Call
(832) 758 - 0027 to learn more about how we can build your business,
electric utility, city or military base a Biofuel (Biomethane
and B100 Biodiesel) power plant that generates green power and
has numerous other advantages,
including reductions of Greenhouse
Gas Emissions, Carbon
Dioxide Emissions and new revenue streams that include Renewable Energy Credits
and Carbon Dioxide Credits!
We
are presently designing other Biofuels plants (Biomethane
and B100 Biodiesel) as well as Biofuel
power plants for customers including; cities, commercial, industrial and
utility customers that range in size from 5 MW up to 100 MW. We
produce all blends of Biodiesel (B1 Biodiesel through
B100 Biodiesel). We
can make Biodiesel from any vegetable oil feedstock and can develop a Biodiesel blend that meets your specific requirements.
Large
quantities of B100 Biodiesel
or biodiesel blends are
available under 12 month contract.
We buy,
sell, grow, process and broker all major varieties of Crude Vegetable Oil,
and Refined Vegetable Oil for our
company's; biodiesel plants, cogeneration and
trigeneration power plants and other
companies new/existing
biodiesel plants located throughout North America, Central
America, and South America.
Warren
Buffet uses the term "Durable Competitive Advantage" for
identifying companies that reward investors over the long term - for which
they possess a Durable Competitive Advantage.
Assessing
the Durable Competitive Advantage
involves understanding what kind of
defense (or competitive barriers) that the company has been able to build for itself in its industry.
We
believe our company possesses a highly strategic and Durable Competitive Advantage.
We are
convinced that we offer the renewable energy industry a Durable Competitive Advantage
due to our business model, strategic positioning, strategic partner companies,
our proprietary technologies, control of our own destiny through feedstock
acquisitions (our farmers and growers of our feedstock) and our company's distribution
channels for marketing our
products. Finally, we have a very close relationship with the Renewable
Energy Institute which includes 8 universities and 12 professors
that are leaders in the field of renewable energy.
Renewable
Energy Technologies provides renewable energy project feasibility and economic analysis consulting services
for commercial, industrial, municipal and other governmental clients that
are interested in lowering their electric power, natural gas or other
energy expenses through renewable energy technologies.
Congratulations
to Sir Richard Branson for his foresight and investment of $3 billion for
renewable energy technologies research and development to help end climate
change, carbon dioxide
emissions and greenhouse
gas emissions! More at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/5368194.stm
"The use of vegetable oils for engine fuels may seem insignificant today. But such oils may become in course of time as important as petroleum and the coal tar products of the present time."
- Rudolf Diesel
"The reality is that we need to get off oil. In the Senate, there is a proposal to expand the
Renewable Fuel Standard to require 36 billion gallons of biofuels to be blended into the fuel mix by 2022. A move to get off of oil means that we need three things: efficient vehicles; an infrastructure for producing and distributing new fuels; and better cities so that we are less reliant on our vehicles. Diverse sources of biofuels will contribute to our fuel supply in the near future. Biofuels will remain extremely important to the farm economy, but we’ll also see new political coalitions coming together in support of biofuels and understanding that the move to a clean energy economy is not only an environmental and climate issue, but a fundamental jobs and economy issue. A clean-energy economy has the potential to be as transformative to the way we live and work as the Internet or the telecom revolution."
- Bracken Hendricks, Senior
Fellow, Center for American Progress, Washington, D.C.
Why
the U.S. and other oil-addicted countries need to REPLACE Petroleum Diesel
(from non-sustainable and polluting fossil fuel) with B100
Biodiesel (from sustainable and renewable oilseed
crops grown by farmers):
- B100
Biodiesel
is the only alternative fuel that runs in any conventional, unmodified
diesel engine. It can be stored anywhere that petroleum diesel fuel is
stored.
- B100
Biodiesel is safe to handle and transport because it is as
biodegradable as sugar, 10 times less toxic than table salt, and has a
high flashpoint of about
300 degrees F compared to petroleum diesel fuel, which has a flash
point of
125 degrees F.
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